Low Dose Radiation Causes Skin Cancer in Mice and Has a Differential Effect on Distinct Epidermal Stem Cells

Revenco, Tatiana; Lapouge, Gaëlle; Moers, Virginie; Brohée, Sylvain; Sotiropoulou, Panagiota A.

doi:10.1002/stem.2571

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Sebaceous gland stem cells are sensitive to both high and low radiation doses. In sharp contrast, bulge stem cells appear to be resistant to radiation-induced cell death, both at high and low doses, albeit employing distinct mechanisms to achieve this resistance (76, 77). Interestingly, the differential response of bulge and sebaceous gland stem cells to low-dose radiation arises, even though the level of DNA damage is comparable in the two stem cell types.…”

Section: Meeting Program Overview4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Therapies for Treatment of Radiation Injury: Report from a NIH/NIAID and IRSN Workshop

et al. 2017

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In recent years, there has been increasing concern over the possibility of a radiological or nuclear incident occurring somewhere in the world. Intelligence agencies frequently report that terrorist groups and rogue nations are seeking to obtain radiological or nuclear weapons of mass destruction. In addition, there exists the real possibility that safety of nuclear power reactors could be compromised by natural (such as the tsunami and subsequent Fukushima accident in Japan in March, 2011) or accidental (Three Mile Island, 1979 and Chernobyl, 1986) events. Although progress has been made by governments around the world to prepare for these events, including the stockpiling of radiation countermeasures, there are still challenges concerning care of patients injured during a radiation incident. Because the deleterious and pathological effects of radiation are so broad, it is desirable to identify medical countermeasures that can have a beneficial impact on several tissues and organ systems. Cellular therapies have the potential to impact recovery and tissue/organ regeneration for both early and late complications of radiation exposure. These therapies, which could include stem or blood progenitor cells, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or cells derived from other tissues (e.g., endothelium or placenta), have shown great promise in treating other nonradiation injuries to and diseases of the bone marrow, skin, gastrointestinal tract, brain, lung and heart. To explore the potential use of these therapies in the treatment of victims after acute radiation exposure, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases cosponsored an international workshop in July, 2015 in Paris, France with the Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire. The workshop included discussions of data available from testing in preclinical models of radiation injury to different organs, logistics associated with the practical use of cellular therapies for a mass casualty incident, as well as international regulatory requirements for authorizing such drug products to be legally and readily used in such incidents. This report reviews the data presented, as well as key discussion points from the meeting.

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Section: Meeting Program Overview4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Therapies for Treatment of Radiation Injury: Report from a NIH/NIAID and IRSN Workshop

et al. 2017

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“…Immunofluorescence microscopy DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) formation can be detected by immunofluorescence microscopy of γH2AX foci [30]. Immunofluorescence microscopy was conducted as described previously with minor modifications [30,31].…”

Section: Cell Lines and Cell Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunofluorescence microscopy was conducted as described previously with minor modifications [30,31]. Briefly, control cells and cells treated with siSirT1 or with resveratrol for 24 h were collected using trypsin disaggregation.…”

Section: Cell Lines and Cell Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phosphorylation of histone H2AX at Ser15 (γH2AX) is one of the initial steps of the DNA damage response upon occurrence of a DSB, spanning several kb around the DSB, and can be visualized as discrete foci [30]. We thus performed immunofluorescent staining of γH2AX to measure the influence of SirT1 expression on dsDNA break formation in A549 and H460 cells following γ irradiation.…”

Section: Sirt1 Is Associated With the Radiation Sensitization Of Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Apoptosis and Radiation Sensitization in Lung Cancer Cells via the Sirt1/NF-κB/Smac Pathway

Sun

Liu

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: SirT1, a conserved NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase, has been implicated in modulating cell survival and stress responses, and it appears to play an important role in tumorigenesis and cancer resistance to chemoradiotherapy. The mechanism of SirT1 in cancer chemoradiotherapy remains to be further elucidated, which could provide potential targets for cancer therapy. Methods: We performed colony formation, immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, RNA interference, and western blotting assays to determine whether SirT1 regulates radiation sensitization and which mechanisms and/or pathways it takes in lung cancer cell lines A549 and H460. Results: Initially, the expression of SirT1 was found to be negatively correlated with radiosensitivity in lung cancer cell lines A549 and H460. RNA interference with siSirT1 against SirT1 specifically reduced SirT1 expression and induced radiosensitivity both in A549 and H460 cell lines. In contrast, the radiosensitivity was significantly reduced once SirT1 was activated by resveratrol. Immunofluorescence assay and apoptosis analysis indicated that the effect of SirT1 on the radiosensitivity observed in the A549 and H460 cell lines was mainly achieved by regulating DNA damage repair and apoptosis processes. Furthermore, the expression of SirT1 negatively modulated the expression of apoptosis-related protein NF-κB and its downstream regulator of Smac. Conclusion: Our results indicate that SirT1 regulates apoptosis and radiation sensitization in lung cancer cell lines A549 and H460 via the SirT1/NF-κB/Smac pathway.

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“…Articles published in STEM CELLS in 2017 helped to unravel the intricacies of cancer stem cells, to better understand and target them. Advances were described in the understanding of glioblastoma [4,5], skin cancer [6], uterine and ovarian cancer [7,8], leukemia [9] and multiple myeloma [10], thyroid cancer [11], bone [12] breast [13,14], and lung cancer [15], as well as liver, colon, and gastric cancer [16][17][18][19][20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Research Leads to Approved Therapies in the New Era of Living Medicine

Nolta¹

2017

Stem Cells

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Low Dose Radiation Causes Skin Cancer in Mice and Has a Differential Effect on Distinct Epidermal Stem Cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 50 publications

Cellular Therapies for Treatment of Radiation Injury: Report from a NIH/NIAID and IRSN Workshop

Cellular Therapies for Treatment of Radiation Injury: Report from a NIH/NIAID and IRSN Workshop

Regulation of Apoptosis and Radiation Sensitization in Lung Cancer Cells via the Sirt1/NF-κB/Smac Pathway

Research Leads to Approved Therapies in the New Era of Living Medicine

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