Low-flow mediated constriction incorporated indices as indicators of cardiovascular risk in smokers

Norioka, Naoki; Takemoto, Yasuhiko; Kobayashi, Michikazu; Makuuchi, Ayako; Yoshikawa, Junichi; Yamazaki, Y.; Kamiyama, Y.; Shuto, Taichi; Yoshiyama, Minoru

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.396

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In a previous study, a significant positive association was reported between radial artery LFMC with SYNTAX score in patients of coronary artery disease, suggesting that patients with greater disease severity have lesser constriction [4]. This difference between brachial and radial arteries in relation to the "direction" of association with the disease state has been previously reported [1,15,16,18]. Interestingly, the results of "stimulus-response" characterization show that as much as 63% of the variation in artery diameter during occlusion could be explained by the changes in the flow profile and a possible reason for the conflicting results of the previous studies could be due to differences in the flow profile during occlusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Brachial Artery “Low-Flow Mediated Constriction” Is Associated with Myocardial Perfusion Defect Severity and Mediated by an Altered Flow Pattern during Occlusion

Badhwar

Chandran

Jaryal

et al. 2021

Pulse

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Introduction: The relationship between low flow-mediated constriction (LFMC), a new proposed measure of endothelial function, with cardiovascular disease severity and its hypothesized stimulus, that is, low flow, has not been comprehensively evaluated. The study evaluated association between change in brachial artery diameter during constriction with severity of myocardial perfusion defect (PD) and alterations in different components of flow profile. Methods: Brachial artery responses to occlusion were assessed in 91 patients and 30 healthy subjects. Change in anterograde and retrograde blood flow velocities (delta anterograde blood flow velocity and retrograde blood flow velocity), anterograde shear rate and retrograde shear rate (delta ASR and RSR, respectively), and oscillatory shear index (delta) during forearm occlusion at 50 mm Hg above systolic pressure, from baseline was calculated. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated in patients using exercise single positron emission computed tomography and % myocardial PD was calculated from summed stress score. Results: LFMC emerged as independent predictor of defect severity after correcting for age and gender (p = 0.014). Sixty-seven patients (73.6%) and 15 healthy subjects (50%) showed constriction during occlusion. In stepwise backward regression analysis, RSR contributed 35.5% and ASR contributed 20.1% of the total 63.9% variability in artery diameter during occlusion. Conclusion: The results suggest that LFMC is independently associated with myocardial perfusion severity and is “mediated” by an altered flow profile during occlusion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Brachial Artery “Low-Flow Mediated Constriction” Is Associated with Myocardial Perfusion Defect Severity and Mediated by an Altered Flow Pattern during Occlusion

Badhwar

Chandran

Jaryal

et al. 2021

Pulse

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“…At our clinical research centre vascular structure was assessed by measuring the intima–media thickness (bIMT), wall‐to‐lumen ratio (bWLR), and the wall cross‐sectional area (bWCSA) of the brachial artery via the UNEX EF (UNEX EF 18G, Nagoya, Japan) device according to international standards 15,16 . Flow‐mediated vasodilation in response to ischemic provocation was measured as a vascular function parameter by the same device 16 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…wall-to-lumen ratio (bWLR), and the wall cross-sectional area (bWCSA) of the brachial artery via the UNEX EF (UNEX EF 18G, Nagoya, Japan) device according to international standards. 15,16 Flow-mediated vasodilation in response to ischemic provocation was measured as a vascular function parameter by the same device. 16 The UNEX system is a semi-automatic ultrasound system using H-type ultrasound probes with the advantage to measure always (since automatically corrected) the lumen diameter at a 90°angle to the vessel wall.…”

Section: Vascular Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 Flow-mediated vasodilation in response to ischemic provocation was measured as a vascular function parameter by the same device. 16 The UNEX system is a semi-automatic ultrasound system using H-type ultrasound probes with the advantage to measure always (since automatically corrected) the lumen diameter at a 90°angle to the vessel wall. A pneumatic cuff was placed around the upper arm, and two ECG leads were attached to the wrists.…”

Section: Vascular Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is vascular remodelling in patients with chronic heart failure exaggerated?

et al. 2022

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Background Vascular remodelling of large arteries increases afterload of the left ventricle. The aim of this study was to analyse whether vascular remodelling and function under laboratory and 24‐hour ambulatory conditions is impaired in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) independently of cardiovascular risk factors. Methods and results In this monocentric cross‐sectional observational study, 105 patients with CHF and an ejection fraction ≤49% (CHF+) were compared to 118 subjects without CHF (CHF−). After adjustment for age, gender, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, type 2 diabetes, obesity and smoking, vascular function and structure parameters, as assessed by pulse wave analysis (SphygmoCor) and the UNEX EF device, respectively, between the CHF+ and the CHF− group differed for resting pulse wave velocity (PWV) ( P = 0.010), 24‐h ambulatory PWV ( P = 0.011), central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) ( P = <0.001), 24‐h ambulatory cSBP ( P = <0.001), resting central augmentation index ( P = 0.002), and brachial intima–media thickness ( P = 0.022). In CHF+ patients, higher levels of NT‐proBNP, taken as a marker for the severity of CHF, were related to a higher PWV ( r = 0.340, P = <0.001), a higher cSBP (r = 0.292, P = 0.005), and a trend to higher central pulse pressure (cPP) ( r = 0.198, P = 0.058), higher 24‐h brachial PP ( r = 0.322, P = 0.002), and 24‐h total peripheral resistance ( s = 0.227, P = 0.041) after full adjustment for covariates. Conclusions In CHF+ patients we observed augmented vascular remodelling and functional impairment compared with CHF− patients independently of cardiovascular risk factors, age, and gender, and the extent of vascular remodelling and impairment was related to the severity of CHF.

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“…Low-flow-mediated vasoconstriction (L-FMC) has emerged as a potential marker of endothelial function that quantifies the degree of vasoconstriction during induced ischaemia (Gori et al, 2010;Dawson et al, 2012;Carter et al, 2014;Irace et al, 2016;Norioka et al, 2016). It is thought that this parameter improves both the sensitivity and specificity of FMD as it reflects basal shear-stress-dependent vascular tone (Silber et al, 2005;Gori et al, 2008;Spiro et al, 2011;Humphreys et al, 2014;Aizawa et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐ and inter‐day reproducibility of low‐flow mediated constriction response in young adults

Harbin

Ostrem

Evanoff

et al. 2017

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Low-flow mediated constriction incorporated indices as indicators of cardiovascular risk in smokers

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Brachial Artery “Low-Flow Mediated Constriction” Is Associated with Myocardial Perfusion Defect Severity and Mediated by an Altered Flow Pattern during Occlusion

Brachial Artery “Low-Flow Mediated Constriction” Is Associated with Myocardial Perfusion Defect Severity and Mediated by an Altered Flow Pattern during Occlusion

Is vascular remodelling in patients with chronic heart failure exaggerated?

Intra‐ and inter‐day reproducibility of low‐flow mediated constriction response in young adults

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