Low-temperature solution-processed wavelength-tunable perovskites for lasing

Xing, Guichuan; Mathews, Nripan; Lim, Swee Sien; Yantara, Natalia; Liu, Xinfeng; Sabba, Dharani; Grätzel, Michaël; Mhaisalkar, Subodh; Sum, Tze Chien

doi:10.1038/nmat3911

Cited by 2,900 publications

(2,844 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We observed that band gaps calculated within DFT seem to increase as the symmetry of the unit cell decreases [9]; this effect is common to other hybrid perovskite systems [34], and has been experimentally confirmed for the orthorhombic to tetragonal phase transition in MAPbI 3 [55]. On the other hand, the band gaps are sensitive not only to the orientation of the MA molecules, but also to the size of the unit cell for a given crystal system.…”

Section: Electronic Band Gapssupporting

confidence: 66%

Breathing bands due to molecular order in CH3NH3PbI3

Wierzbowska

Meléndez

Varsano

2018

Computational Materials Science

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CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite is nowadays amongst the most promising photovoltaic materials for energy conversion. We have studied by ab-initio calculations, using several levels of approximation -namely density functional theory including spin-orbit coupling and quasi-particle corrections by means of the GW method, as well as pseudopotential self-interaction corrections-, the role of the methylammonium orientation on the electronic structure of this perovskite. We have considered many molecular arrangements within 2 × 2 × 2 supercells, showing that the relative orientation of the organic molecules is responsible for a huge band gap variation up to 2 eV. The band gap sizes are related to distortions of the PbI 3 cage, which are in turn due to electrostatic interactions between this inorganic frame and the molecules. The strong dependence of the band gap on the mutual molecular orientation is confirmed at all levels of approximations.Our results suggest then that the coupling between the molecular motion and the interactions of the molecules with the inorganic cage could help to explain the widening of the absorption spectrum of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite, consistent with the observed white spectrum.

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Section: Electronic Band Gapssupporting

confidence: 66%

Breathing bands due to molecular order in CH3NH3PbI3

Wierzbowska

Meléndez

Varsano

2018

Computational Materials Science

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“…Rapid advances in this young research field has led to spectral tunability from 400-800nm 122 and extremely large exciton diffusion length of around 1µm for polycrystalline thin films 123 . Organolead trihalide perovskite single crystals have been reported by implementing a novel antisolvent vapourassisted growth technique.…”

Section: Ideal Sensitizer Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-FETs: Phototransistors Enabled by 2D and 0D Nanomaterials

2016

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The large diversity of applications in our daily lives that rely on photodetection Photodetectors are one of the key components in many optoelectronic devices which transduce optical into electrical information. Today, photodetectors have reached a mature technology level and address a huge application spectrum including imaging, remote sensing, fibre-optic communication and spectroscopy among many others. However, to tackle challenges and to surpass existing limitations in sensitivity of state-of-the-art photodetector systems, new device architectures and material systems are needed which offer low-cost fabrication and high performance over a wide spectral range. The active research field on photodetection grows and many novel nanostructured material systems 1 have been employed for light sensing including Quantum dots 2,3 , Perovskites 4,5 , organic molecules and polymers 6,7 , Carbon Nanotubes 8,9 , Graphene 10,11 and the large field of semiconducting 2D materials such as the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and black phosphorus 12,13 .Photodetector performance is governed by both the optical and electronic properties of the employed semiconductor. The former determines the spectral coverage and quantum efficiency of the detector whereas the latter determines, through the carrier transport and carrier density, the amount of dark current flowing through the device, as well as the efficiency of charge separation and collection upon illumination. The key parameters for a strong signal response are a high photon to electron conversion rate (quantum efficiency) and ideally an inherent gain 3 mechanism, which yields multiple carriers per absorbed photon. The response signal is then weighed against the noise portion of the ratio, which has to be minimized for maximum sensitivity. There are several device-external noise sources, such as the photon noise due to the statistical arrival of photons on the device or the read-out noise in photodetector arrays that originates in preamplifier electronics. Here, we will put emphasis on the device (photodetector pixel) inherent noise, which stems partially from thermally generated charge carriers and also from the intrinsic carrier density that contribute to the dark current of the device (shot noise limit) as well as flicker noise (1/f). It is however important to note that the sensitivity of a detector with inherent noise lower than the noise floor of commercially used CMOS read-out circuits, typically met in photodiodes, is limited by the latter, thus a photodetector technology with an inherent gain mechanism is desired to alleviate this effect.The relevant performance metrics and terminology used throughout this article are described in Box 1. Box 1 -Performance metrics for photodetection Responsivity [A/W]The fundamental process behind photodetection is absorption of light. Responsivity R, a measure of output current per incoming optical power in units of A/W, describes how a detector system responds to illumination. Responsivity depends on the incident...

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“…These excellent properties, along with their high quantum yield and wavelength tunability, make halide perovskites ideal for light‐emission applications such as for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), light‐emitting field‐effect transistors, and lasing 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Since the first demonstration of ultrastable amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) with broad spectral tunability from perovskite thin films and lasing from perovskite crystals,20 perovskite lasing in a broad range of cavity structures, including microplatelets,21 nanowires,22 microspheres,23 and distributed Bragg reflection (DBR) mirrors,24 have been realized 25. Notably, Zhu et al recently reported a solution‐processed technique to synthesize single‐crystal perovskite nanowires and demonstrated their application on lasers with high‐quality factor and low lasing threshold 26.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Microplatelet Arrays on Silicon Substrates for Room‐Temperature Lasing

et al. 2016

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Organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites have recently demonstrated outstanding efficiencies in photovoltaics as well as highly promising performances for a wide range of optoelectronic applications such as lasing, light emission, optical detectors, and even for radiation detection. Key to the realization of functional perovskite micro/nanosystems on the ubiquitous silicon optoelectronics platform is through sophisticated lithography. Despite the rapid progress made in halide perovskite lasing, direct lithographic patterning of perovskite films to form optical cavities on conventional substrates remains extremely challenging. This study realizes room‐temperature high‐quality factor whispering‐gallery‐mode lasing (Q ≈ 1210) from patterned lead halide perovskite microplatelets fabricated in periodic arrays on silicon substrate with micropatterned BN film as the buffer layer. By varying the size of the platelets, modal selectivity for single mode lasing can be achieved with different cavity sizes or by simply breaking the structural symmetry of the cavity through designing the pattern. Importantly, this work demonstrates a straightforward, versatile bottom‐up scalable strategy to realize high‐quality periodic perovskite arrays with variable cavity sizes for large‐area light‐emitting and optical gain applications.

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Low-temperature solution-processed wavelength-tunable perovskites for lasing

Cited by 2,900 publications

References 29 publications

Breathing bands due to molecular order in CH3NH3PbI3

Breathing bands due to molecular order in CH3NH3PbI3

Photo-FETs: Phototransistors Enabled by 2D and 0D Nanomaterials

Periodic Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Microplatelet Arrays on Silicon Substrates for Room‐Temperature Lasing

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