Lower tear meniscus height measured by optical coherence tomography in children

Abstract

IntroductionWhile optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of the lower tear meniscus height (LTMH) have been reported in adults, here we obtained LTMH measurements through Fourier Domain OCT in healthy children and compared these with values obtained in healthy adults.MethodsParticipants were children 7–17 years of age and a control group of adults 20–40 years of age. Inclusion criteria were no abnormal eye conditions or the use of contact lenses. Candidates who fulfilled the TFOS DEWS II criteria for dry eye disease (DED) were excluded. All subjects underwent LTMH measurement (OCT Spectralis) and tests for non‐invasive tear break‐up time and ocular surface staining. Participants also completed the ocular surface disease index questionnaire.ResultsA total of 86 children and 27 adults were included. Mean LTMH values in the children and adult groups were 217.40 ± 71.40 μm and 225.0 ± 54.86 μm, respectively; p = 0.53. However, 59.3% of the children had an LTMH ≤210 μm suggestive of DED, compared with only 33.3% of adults (p = 0.02). For the children, no significant differences in LTMH were observed with sex or for those more or less than 12 years of age.ConclusionsOptical coherence tomography‐derived LTMH measurements were obtained in healthy children. While values were similar in children and adults, a greater proportion of children had an LTMH compatible with a diagnosis of DED. More studies in different paediatric populations are required to establish a complete set of normative LTMH measurements.

Feasibility of Tear Meniscus Height Measurements Obtained with a Smartphone-Attachable Portable Device and Agreement of the Results with Standard Slit Lamp Examination

“…Nevertheless, a correlation was found between the TMH level and DED [33]. The same OCT method was used to calculate TMH among healthy children whose values appeared to be lower than those of healthy adults, without a relationship with DED symptoms [26,34].…”