<p>A comparative study: the prospective influence of nanovectors in leveraging the chemopreventive potential of COX-2 inhibitors against skin cancer</p>

Abstract

IntroductionThis study was conducted to elucidate the chemopreventive potential, cytotoxic, and suppression of cellular metastatic activity of etodolac (ETD)-loaded nanocarriers.MethodsTo esteem the effect of charge and composition of the nanovectors on their performance, four types of vectors namely, negative lipid nanovesicles; phosalosomes (N-Phsoms), positive phosalosomes (P-Phsoms), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and polymeric alginate polymer (AlgNPs) were prepared and compared. ETD was used as a model cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor to evaluate the potency of these nanovectors to increase ETD permeation and retention through human skin and cytotoxicity against squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC). Moreover, the chemopreventive activity of ETD nanovector on mice skin cancer model was evaluated.ResultsAmong the utilized nanovectors, ETD-loaded N-Phsoms depicted spherical vesicles with the smallest particle size (202.96±2.37 nm) and a high zeta potential of −24.8±4.16 mV. N-Phsoms exhibited 1.5, and 3.6 folds increase in the ETD amount deposited in stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis. Moreover, cytotoxicity studies revealed a significant cytotoxic potential of such nanovector with IC50=181.76 compared to free ETD (IC50=982.75), correlated to enhanced cellular internalization. Its efficacy extended to a reduction in the relative tumor weight with 1.70 and 1.51-fold compared to positive control and free ETD, that manifested by a 1.72-fold reduction in both COX-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen mRNA (PCNA-mRNA) levels and 2.63-fold elevation in caspase-3 level in skin tumors relative to the positive control group with no hepato-and nephrotoxicity.ConclusionEncapsulation of ETD in nanovector enhances its in-vitro and in-vivo anti-tumor activity and opens the door for encapsulation of more relevant drugs.

Chemopreventive and Biological Strategies in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant and Malignant Disorders

“…The previous results are probably related to the two main limits of the COX inhibitors: low absorption and bioavailability. Additionally, from other studies, it was seen that the prolonged use of COX-2 inhibitors can cause cardiotoxicity [189] and gastrointestinal problems [190] To contrast these limits researchers have studied the possibility of using nanoparticles as vehicles of COX inhibitors [191,192]. The nanoparticle system allows to carrying of the drug to the target site reducing the side effects of the systemic administration and increasing the local concentration.…”

Concurrent Tissue Engineering for Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats Utilizing Dual Actions of Green Synthesized CuO NPs Prepared from Two Plants Grown in Egypt

“…Measurements were performed in triplicate at 25 ± 0.5°C and data were recorded as mean ± SD. 23 In addition, the X-ray diffraction pattern of CuO NPs (prepared using PG) was obtained using a powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD, X`Pert PRO MPD diffractometer, Philips Analytical, The Netherlands) with Cu Ka radiations (k = 1.54060 nm) in 2 h range to guarantee CuO NPs purity.…”

TLC-Densitometric Determination of Five Coxibs in Pharmaceutical Preparations

“…In the other field trial, dogs treated with firocoxib showed significantly greater improvement in osteoarthritis-related pain and lameness, and a significantly reduced incidence of diarrhea relative to dogs treated with etodolac [21]. Currently, there are more and more studies exploring the possibility of using selective COX2 inhibitors in oncological treatment in both animals and humans [22][23][24][25].…”