&lt;p&gt;Optimum Preparation Method for Self-Assembled PEGylation Nano-Adjuvant Based on &lt;em&gt;Rehmannia glutinosa Polysaccharide&lt;/em&gt; and Its Immunological Effect on Macrophages&lt;/p&gt;

Huang, Yee; Li, Nan; Xiao, Chi; Ji, Quanan; Li, Ké; Wang, Qiang; Liu, Yan; Bao, Guolian

doi:10.2147/ijn.s221398

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For example, coating nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol (PEG) allow them to evade opsonization and phagocytosis by macrophages. This increases the circulation time of the drug that is loaded within nanoparticles and increases the chance of distribution to the lymphatic system and tumor mass [23]. In addition, caveolin and clathrin receptors are highly expressed on the surface of cancerous cells [65].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Nanoscale Lipid-Based Formulation as Potential Enhancer of Gefitinib Lymphatic Delivery: Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Studies Against the A549 Cell Line

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to engineer a nanoscale lipid-based lymphatic drug delivery system with D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate to combat the lymphatic metastasis of lung cancer. The nanoscale lipid-based systems including GEF-SLN, GEF-NLC, and GEF-LE were prepared and pharmaceutically characterized. In addition, the most stable formulation (GEF-NLC) was subjected to an in vitro release study. Afterward, the optimized GEF-NLC was engineered with TPGS (GEF-TPGS-NLC) and subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity, and apoptotic studies using the A549 cells line as a surrogate model for lung cancer. The present results revealed that particle size and polydispersity index of freshly prepared formulations were ranging from 198 to 280 nm and 0.106 to 0.240, respectively, with negative zeta potential ranging from − 14 to − 27.6.mV. An in vitro release study showed that sustained drug release was attained from GEF-NLC containing a high concentration of lipid. In addition, GEF-NLC and GEF-TPGS-NLC showed remarkable entrapment efficiency above 89% and exhibited sustained release profiles. Cytotoxicity showed that IC 50 of pure GEF was 11.15 μg/ml which decreased to 7.05 μg/ml for GEF-TPGS-NLC. The apoptotic study revealed that GEF-TPGS-NLC significantly decreased the number of living cells from 67 to 58% when compared with pure GEF. The present results revealed that the nanoscale and lipid composition of the fabricated SLN, NLC, and LE could mediate the lymphatic uptake of GEF to combat the lymphatic tumor metastasis. Particularly, GEF-TPGS-NLC is a promising LDDS to increase the therapeutic outcomes of GEF during the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Nanoscale Lipid-Based Formulation as Potential Enhancer of Gefitinib Lymphatic Delivery: Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Studies Against the A549 Cell Line

et al. 2022

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“…Cell internalization tests were conducted as described previously. 17 RAW264.7 cells were cultured as described above. Briefly, the cells were inoculated in 6-well plate at a density of 10 5 cells/well and incubated in a complete medium for 24 h. Then, the cells were washed with D-Hank’s twice, followed by preincubation at 37 °C with one of the following endocytosis inhibitors dissolved in serum-free DMEM: chlorpromazine, cytochalasin D, or fillpin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer Membrane Vesicles Coating Nano-Glycyrrhizic Acid Confers Protection Against Borderella bronchiseptica Through Th1/Th2/Th17 Responses

Huang¹,

Li²,

Xiao³

et al. 2022

IJN

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Purpose Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical nano-sized proteolipids secreted by numerous pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. Due to the immunostimulatory properties and protective efficacy, OMVs have received increasing attention as a candidate for the vaccine to prevent and treat bacterial infections. However, the immune response remains elusive due to the low structural stability and poor size homogeneity of the vesicles. In this study, OMVs were used to coat self-assembled glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles (GANs) and obtain a stable OMV vaccine. The immunoprotective effects and anti-infection efficacy were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Methods The OMVs were prepared by ultrafiltration method and fused with GAN through mechanical extrusion. The characteristics, including morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, and stability were evaluated. The in vitro immunological function of GAN-OMV on the macrophages and in vivo immune efficacy and anti-infection effect were examined and compared. Results The results showed that the GAN-OMV were homogenous with a size of 130 nm and a stable core-shell structure. Micropinocytosis-dependent and clathrin-mediated endocytotic pathways effectively internalized the GAN-OMV into the macrophages and promoted cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and M1 polarization. Furthermore, subcutaneous GAN-OMV vaccination contributed to significantly higher Borderella bronchiseptica (Bb)-specific antibody production and lymphocyte proliferation. The splenic lymphocytes of mice immunized with GAN-OMVs displayed a higher ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells and produced significantly higher levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines. GAN-OMV also effectively prevented Bb reinfection. Conclusion In this study, GAN-OMV was developed successfully to stimulate Th1/Th2/Th17 immune responses against Bb and provide a promising strategy for novel vaccine development against the microbial pathogen.

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“…Transcription-regulated miRNA-15a carried by cationic cyclodextrin-graphene nanoplatform (GCD@Ada-Rhod) activates the caveolae-mediated endocytosis internalization pathway without significant cytotoxicity (DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15826), and may conjure up hope for cancer therapy that can regulate the oncogene protein BCL-2 level [103]. Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides derived from PEGylation nano-adjuvants stimulate macrophages to secret pro-inflammatory cytokines through macropinocytosis-dependent and caveolae-mediated endocytosis to boost immunity [104]. Liposomal adjuvants promote biodistribution in the lymph nodes, leading to the innate immune system.…”

Section: Therapeutic Intervention Involving Caveolae-mediated Vehicle...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Caveolae-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle (CMEV) Signaling of Polyvalent Polysaccharide Vaccination: A Host–Pathogen Interface Hypothesis

Kabeer

2022

Pharmaceutics

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We published a study showing that improvement in response to splenectomy associated defective, in regards to the antibody response to Pneumovax® 23 (23-valent polysaccharides, PPSV23), can be achieved by splenocyte reinfusion. This study triggered a debate on whether and how primary and secondary immune responses occur based on humoral antibody responses to the initial vaccination and revaccination. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine sheds new light on the interpretation of our previous data. Here, we offer an opinion on the administration of the polyvalent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), which appears to be highly relevant to the primary vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and its booster dose. Thus, we do not insist this is a secondary immune response but an antibody response, nonetheless, as measured through IgG titers after revaccination. However, we contend that we are not sure if these lower but present IgG levels against pneumococcal antigens are clinically protective or are equally common in all groups because of the phenomenon of “hyporesponsiveness” seen after repeated polysaccharide vaccine challenge. We review the literature and propose a new mechanism—caveolae memory extracellular vesicles (CMEVs)—by which polysaccharides mediate prolonged and sustained immune response post-vaccination. We further delineate and explain the data sets to suggest that the dual targets on both Cav-1 and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins may block the viral entrance and neutralize viral load, which minimizes the immune reaction against viral attacks and inflammatory responses. Thus, while presenting our immunological opinion, we answer queries and responses made by readers to our original statements published in our previous work and propose a hypothesis for all vaccination strategies, i.e., caveolae-mediated extracellular vesicle-mediated vaccine memory.

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<p>Optimum Preparation Method for Self-Assembled PEGylation Nano-Adjuvant Based on <em>Rehmannia glutinosa Polysaccharide</em> and Its Immunological Effect on Macrophages</p>

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Engineered Nanoscale Lipid-Based Formulation as Potential Enhancer of Gefitinib Lymphatic Delivery: Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Studies Against the A549 Cell Line

Engineered Nanoscale Lipid-Based Formulation as Potential Enhancer of Gefitinib Lymphatic Delivery: Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Studies Against the A549 Cell Line

Outer Membrane Vesicles Coating Nano-Glycyrrhizic Acid Confers Protection Against Borderella bronchiseptica Through Th1/Th2/Th17 Responses

Caveolae-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle (CMEV) Signaling of Polyvalent Polysaccharide Vaccination: A Host–Pathogen Interface Hypothesis

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