<title>Adaptive multisource streaming in heterogeneous peer-to-peer networks</title>

Abstract

This paper presents design and evaluation of an adaptive streaming mechanism from multiple senders to a single receiver in Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks, called P2P Adaptive Layered Streaming, or PALS . PALS is a receiver-driven mechanism. It enables a receiver peer to orchestrate quality adaptive streaming of a single, layer encoded video stream from multiple congestion controlled senders, and is able to support a spectrum of non-interactive streaming applications. The primary challenge in design of a multi-source streaming mechanism is that available bandwidth from each peer is not known a priori, and could significantly change during a session. In PALS , the receiver periodically performs quality adaptation based on aggregate bandwidth from all senders to determine (i) overall quality (i.e. number of layers) that can be collectively delivered from all senders, and more importantly (ii) specific subset of packets that should be delivered by each sender in order to gracefully cope with any sudden change in its bandwidth. Our detailed simulation-based evaluations illustrate that PALS can effectively cope with several angles of dynamics in the system including: bandwidth variations, peer participation, and partially available content at different peers. We also demonstrate the importance of coordination among senders and examine key design tradeoffs for the PALS mechanism.

Optimizing the Throughput of Data-Driven Based Streaming in Heterogeneous Overlay Network

“…LION [3] employs a streamlevel multi-path based method to improve the throughput of overlay network using network coding. Recently, a new category of overlay multicast protocols -data-driven (or swarm-like) protocols are proposed [4][5][6][7]. In theses protocols, PALS [7] is an adaptive streaming mechanism from multiple senders to a single receiver using layered coding, which is actually a swarm-like (or data-driven) protocol.…”

“…Recently, a new category of overlay multicast protocols -data-driven (or swarm-like) protocols are proposed [4][5][6][7]. In theses protocols, PALS [7] is an adaptive streaming mechanism from multiple senders to a single receiver using layered coding, which is actually a swarm-like (or data-driven) protocol. PALS mainly focuses on coping with the network dynamics such as bandwidth variations and sender participation.…”

“…Recently, a new category of overlay streaming multicast protocols called datadriven protocols (or swarm-like protocols) [4][5][6][7] targeting non-interactive streaming multicast applications has been proposed. Unlike conventional tree-based approaches, in data-driven protocol, each node randomly finds some nodes as its neighbors so that an unstructured network is formed.…”

Streaming of Scalable Video from Multiple Servers using Rateless Codes

“…However, one inherent problem of using multiple sources to send the same stream to a client is the coordination between servers. In order not to waste resources with redundant data packets, servers have to carefully coordinate their packet scheduling strategies [2]. It tends to render such a distributed streaming system overly complex and cumbersome, especially if conditions change on one of the source-client paths.…”

A new scheduling mechanism of BitTorrent streaming system based on improved PSO algorithm

“…There are four categories of classic P2P streaming data scheduling algorithm, Random policy [3], Rarest First (RF) policy [4], Nearest deadline First (NF) policy [5] and Weighted Round Robin (WRR) policy [6]. Pai et al [3] proposed that the requesting peer select neighbors randomly.…”