LTE UE Energy Saving by Applying Carrier Aggregation in a HetNet Scenario

Lauridsen, Mads; Wang, Hua; Mogensen, Preben

doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2013.6692626

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, the higher throughput makes the download time shorter, allowing the device to go to the sleep state soon after the download has been finished. In [43,44], it is indicated that average UE power consumption with two frequency carrier aggregation does not exceed that with single frequency carrier. Furthermore, a 99.7% reduction of UE power consumption could be achieved via a combination of traffic offloading and dynamic on/off [45].…”

Section: Mmwave-integrated Cellular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof-of-Concept of a Millimeter-Wave Integrated Heterogeneous Network for 5G Cellular

Okasaka

Weiler

Keusgen

et al. 2016

Sensors

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The fifth-generation mobile networks (5G) will not only enhance mobile broadband services, but also enable connectivity for a massive number of Internet-of-Things devices, such as wireless sensors, meters or actuators. Thus, 5G is expected to achieve a 1000-fold or more increase in capacity over 4G. The use of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum is a key enabler to allowing 5G to achieve such enhancement in capacity. To fully utilize the mmWave spectrum, 5G is expected to adopt a heterogeneous network (HetNet) architecture, wherein mmWave small cells are overlaid onto a conventional macro-cellular network. In the mmWave-integrated HetNet, splitting of the control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) will allow continuous connectivity and increase the capacity of the mmWave small cells. mmWave communication can be used not only for access linking, but also for wireless backhaul linking, which will facilitate the installation of mmWave small cells. In this study, a proof-of-concept (PoC) was conducted to demonstrate the practicality of a prototype mmWave-integrated HetNet, using mmWave technologies for both backhaul and access.

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Section: Mmwave-integrated Cellular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof-of-Concept of a Millimeter-Wave Integrated Heterogeneous Network for 5G Cellular

Okasaka

Weiler

Keusgen

et al. 2016

Sensors

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“…6: l = l + 1. 7: Update the dual variables δ, ϑ, γ, θ, and ρ according to (24) to (28). 8: if σ l+1 − σ l < △ ′ , ∀σ ∈ {δ, ϑ, γ, θ, ρ} 9: convergence=true.…”

Section: Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon these facts, numerous CA techniques have been developed for throughput improvement [20]- [23]. However, CA may also increase the energy consumption for both base stations and users if not appropriately utilized [24]. Recently, a dynamic CA scheduling algorithm has been developed in [25] to improve the EE of uplink transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Downlink and Uplink Resource Allocation for Energy-Efficient Carrier Aggregation

Chen

Yin

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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In this paper, joint energy-efficient resource allocation for both the base station and users is studied for time division duplex (TDD) systems with carrier aggregation (CA). We aim at balancing the energy efficiency (EE) between downlink and uplink, as well as the EEs among individual users, by joint bandwidth and power allocation on each carrier component (CC). We formulate the optimization problem into maximizing the weighted summation of EEs for the base station and different users, where the weights are used to reflect the levels of importance. The objective function of the problem is a sum of several fractional functions, therefore, nonlinear sum-ofratios programming needs to be used to solve it, which has not been exploited in resource allocation problems yet. Specifically, a novel transformation is performed to formulate an equivalent but better tractable problem, based on which we develop an iterative algorithm to find the global optimum of the considered problem. Numerical results validate the feasibility, fast convergence, and flexibility of the proposed algorithm in terms of EE balancing.

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“…To estimate what can be expected from the measurements the power model from [6] is applied to scenario B presented above. In this scenario the UE is receiving a 1 GB file via FTP.…”

Section: E Theoretical Current Consumption Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then researchers have estimated the current consumption of CA UEs by extending empirical models based on measurements on LTE release 8 UEs. In [6] DL CA current consumption was studied by increasing the bandwidth and number of RF chains of a previously established single-chain model, while [7] presented a similar study for uplink (UL) CA by combining measurements on multiple release 8 power amplifiers. Both studies showed that if CA provides a significant throughput increase then energy can be saved, but until now the conclusions have not been validated by real measurements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Consumption Measurements with a Carrier Aggregation Smartphone

Sanchez-Mejias

Guo

Lauridsen

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2014-Fall)

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Carrier Aggregation (CA) is introduced in LTE release 10 to improve data rates by allowing the User Equipment (UE) to receive data on more than one LTE carrier. The related increased complexity is expected to affect the UE current consumption, but yet no empirical evaluation has been published on this topic. Currently there are only theoretical expansions of LTE release 8 power models available, but this article presents the first publicly available current consumption measurements on a commercial CA-capable UE.In this work it is examined how the activation and use of CA (10 + 10 MHz) affects the UE current consumption with different traffic profiles such as FTP or web browsing. For a large FTP download the average CA current consumption is reduced 13 % compared to single-carrier 10 MHz due to increased data rate and extended idle time, which allows the UE to enter a low-current sleep mode. For small data bursts, such as keep-alive messages, configuring CA results in 17 mA average current increase during RRC connected state inactivity periods. Depending on the UE background activity, this could translate into 3 % to 8 % reduction of the UE's stand-by battery life.

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LTE UE Energy Saving by Applying Carrier Aggregation in a HetNet Scenario

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Proof-of-Concept of a Millimeter-Wave Integrated Heterogeneous Network for 5G Cellular

Proof-of-Concept of a Millimeter-Wave Integrated Heterogeneous Network for 5G Cellular

Joint Downlink and Uplink Resource Allocation for Energy-Efficient Carrier Aggregation

Current Consumption Measurements with a Carrier Aggregation Smartphone

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