Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae alter the distribution of lumbar mobility–Preliminary results of a radiographic evaluation

Abstract

Background Lumbo-sacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) are one of the most common congenital variances of the spine. They are associated with an increased frequency of degeneration in the cranial adjacent segment. Hypermobility and concomitant increased loads are discussed as a possible reason for segmental degeneration. We therefore examined the lumbar and segmental motion distribution in patients with LSTV with flexion-extension radiographs. Methods A retrospective study of 51 patients with osteochondrosis L5/S1 with flexion and extension radiographs was performed. Of these, 17 patients had LSTV and were matched 1:1 for age and sex with patients without LSTV out of the collective of the remaining 34 patients. The lumbar and segmental range of motion (RoM) by segmental lordosis angle and the segmental wedge angle were determined. Normal distribution of parameters was observed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test. Parametric data were compared by paired T-test. Non-parametric data were compared by Wilcoxon-rank-sum-test. Correlations were observed using Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient. A p-value <0.05 was stated as statistically significant. Results Patients with LSTV had mean age of 52.2±10.9, control group of 48.9±10.3. Both groups included 7 females and 10 males. Patients with LSTV presented with reduced RoM of the lumbar spine (LSTV 37.3°±19.2°, control 52.1°±20.5°, p = 0.065), however effects were statistically insignificant. LSTV significantly decreased segmental RoM in the transitional segment (LSTV 1.8°±2.7°, control 6.7°±6.0°, p = 0.003). Lumbar motion distribution differed significantly; while RoM was decreased in the transitional segment, (LSTV 5.7%, control 16.2%, p = 0.002), the distribution of lumbar motion to the cranial adjacent segment was increased (LSTV 30.7%, control 21.6%, p = 0.007). Conclusion Patients with LSTV show a reduced RoM in the transitional segment and a significantly increased motion distribution to the cranial adjacent segment in flexion-extension radiographs. The increased proportion of mobility in the cranial adjacent segment possibly explain the higher rates of degeneration within the segment.

Lumbar sacralization and L4-L5 microdiscectomy, a prospective cohort study on radiologic and clinical outcomes

“…Please notice dramatic pain reduction after surgery. Variable VAS scores P-Value 1 G1 G2 Median (IQR) Median (IQR) Radicular Pain Before 9 8 , 9 9 8 , 9 0.204 One month later 7 6 , 7 6 6 , 7 , 8 0.015 Three months later 5 4 , 5 , 6 4 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 <0.001 Six months later 3 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 2 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 <0.001 P-Value 2 0.002 0.001 Back Pain Before 8 7 , 8 , 9 8 7 , 8 0.870 One month later 8...…”

“… 3 Recent studies found that lumbar sacralization increases the chance of developing LBP, the severity, and the probability of lumbar disc herniation. 4 , 5 , 6 However, the role of lumbar sacralization in the development and outcome of LBP and disc degeneration is questioned by other studies. 5 , 6 …”