Lumpy skin disease outbreaks investigation in Egyptian cattle and buffaloes: Serological evidence and molecular characterization of genome termini

Ahmed, Elsayyad M.; Eltarabilli, Mokhtar M.A.; Shahein, Momtaz A.; Fawzy, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101639

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Epidermal and dermal necrosis, dermal necrotizing vasculitis, infarction, edema, diffuse infiltration with inflammatory cells, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were consistent findings in the affected cattle with LSD of this study, supporting the diagnosis of this condition [13,14,35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Oxidative stress, biochemical, and histopathological changes associated with acute lumpy skin disease in cattle

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a highly infectious endemic viral disease of cattle in Africa and the Middle East. The objectives of this study were to assess histopathological changes in cattle infected with LSD and measure serum malondialdehyde (MDA – oxidant) and total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC – anti-oxidant), trace elements (zinc, copper, and iron), cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine concentrations. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from a total of sixty native and mixed breed cattle; (healthy; n = 25) and (LSD diseased; n = 35). Serum concentrations of MDA and TAC were measured by colorimetric methods. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, Hp, and SAA concentrations were determined using human-specific enzyme-linked immunoassay kits. Results: Serum MDA, cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), Hp, SAA, AST, ALT, CPK, BUN, and creatinine concentrations were significantly higher, while TAC, IL-10, zinc, copper, and iron concentrations were significantly lower in LSD compared to healthy cattle (p < 0.05). Cows and exotic mixed breed cattle were at higher risk of LSD oxidative stress than bulls and local breeds (p < 0.05). Age was not associated with the risk of LSD (p > 0.05). Histologically, there was extensive tissue necrosis, severe vasculitis, mononuclear cell infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Conclusion: LSD is associated with pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory states from imbalances that favor pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory factors in the detriment of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory factors, leading to organ dysfunction and ultimately death. Oxidative stress is more frequent in cows and mixed breed cattle than in bulls and local breeds. Keywords: acute phase proteins, cytokines, lumpy skin disease, malondialdehyde, total anti-oxidant capacity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Oxidative stress, biochemical, and histopathological changes associated with acute lumpy skin disease in cattle

et al. 2022

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“…LSDV is host restricted; its natural hosts are cattle, buffalo and water buffalo [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Antibodies have been detected in black and blue wildebeest, eland, giraffe, greater kudu, African buffalo and other animal species [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia

2023

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Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus, mainly infecting cattle and buffalo, which until relatively recently was only endemic in parts of Africa and then spread to the Middle East and lately Europe and Asia. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a notifiable disease with a serious impact on the beef industry as it causes mortality of up to 10% and has impacts on milk and meat production, as well as fertility. The close serological relationship between LSDV, goat poxvirus (GTPV) and sheep poxvirus (SPPV) has led to live attenuated GTPV and SPPV vaccines being used to protect against LSD in some countries. There is evidence that the SPPV vaccine does not protect from LSD as well as the GTPV and LSDV vaccines. One of the LSD vaccines used in Eastern Europe was found to be a combination of different Capripoxviruses, and a series of recombination events in the manufacturing process resulted in cattle being vaccinated with a range of recombinant LSDVs resulting in virulent LSDV which spread throughout Asia. It is likely that LSD will become endemic throughout Asia as it will be very challenging to control the spread of the virus without widespread vaccination.

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“…The disease is characterized by pyrexia, nasal discharge, swelling of the superficial lymph node, large skin nodules covering the entire body, poor milk production, and abortion (2, [8][9][10][11]. The morbidity rate varies between 10 and 20%, whereas the mortality rate is generally low (1-5%) (5,12,13). It has also been revealed that the mortality and morbidity rates of LSD in cattle raised in naïve herds are typically greater than those raised in endemic settings (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Lumpy Skin Disease Outbreak in Thailand (2021): Epidemiological Features and Spatio-Temporal Analysis

Arjkumpa¹,

Suwannaboon²,

Boonrod³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The first outbreak of lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Thailand was reported in March 2021, but information on the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak is very limited. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiological features of LSD outbreaks and to identify the outbreak spatio-temporal clusters. The LSD-affected farms located in Roi Et province were investigated by veterinary authorities under the outbreak response program. A designed questionnaire was used to obtain the data. Space-time permutation (STP) and Poisson space-time (Poisson ST) models were used to detect areas of high LSD incidence. The authorities identified 293 LSD outbreak farms located in four different districts during the period of March and the first week of April 2021. The overall morbidity and mortality of the affected cattle were 40.5 and 1.2%, respectively. The STP defined seven statistically significant clusters whereas only one cluster was identified by the Poisson ST model. Most of the clusters (n = 6) from the STP had a radius <7 km, and the number of LSD cases in those clusters varied in range of 3–51. On the other hand, the most likely cluster from the Poisson ST included LSD cases (n = 361) from 198 cattle farms with a radius of 17.07 km. This is the first report to provide an epidemiological overview and determine spatio-temporal clusters of the first LSD outbreak in cattle farms in Thailand. The findings from this study may serve as a baseline information for future epidemiological studies and support authorities to establish effective control programs for LSD in Thailand.

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Lumpy skin disease outbreaks investigation in Egyptian cattle and buffaloes: Serological evidence and molecular characterization of genome termini

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Oxidative stress, biochemical, and histopathological changes associated with acute lumpy skin disease in cattle

Oxidative stress, biochemical, and histopathological changes associated with acute lumpy skin disease in cattle

Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia

The First Lumpy Skin Disease Outbreak in Thailand (2021): Epidemiological Features and Spatio-Temporal Analysis

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