Lung Microbiome Is Influenced by the Environment and Asthmatic Status in an Equine Model of Asthma

Fillion-Bertrand, Gabrielle; Dickson, Robert P.; Boivin, R; Lavoie, Jean‐Pierre; Huffnagle, Gary B.; Leclère, Mathilde

doi:10.1165/rcmb.2017-0228oc

Cited by 38 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In a previous study, we showed that pulmonary, oral, and nasal microbiota are influenced by environmental conditions, but only the microbiota of the lungs differs between horses with and without asthma . The difference was mainly present when horses with asthma were experiencing exacerbation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Fecal samples were collected from a previously described cohort of adult horses with asthma and age-matched controls. 11 Six horses (2 geldings, 4 mares) with a history of reversible episodes of airway obstruction and 6 healthy controls (6 mares) housed in the same barn were enrolled (n = 12). Control horses were considered healthy based on history, physical examination and complete blood count (CBC).…”

Section: Animals and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Leclère

Costa

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Gastrointestinal microbiota can be influenced by several factors, including diet and systemic inflammation, and in turn could act as a modulator of the allergic response. Fecal microbiota of horses with asthma has not been described. Hypothesis/Objectives Analyze the bacterial fecal microbiota of horses with and without asthma under different environment and diet conditions, during both remission and exacerbation. Methods Prospective observational study. Feces from 6 asthmatic and 6 healthy horses were collected under 3 different conditions: on pasture, housed indoors receiving good quality hay (“good hay”), and housed indoors receiving poor quality hay (“dusty hay”). Sequencing was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform and data were processed using the software mothur v.1.41.3 and LEfSe. Results In horses with asthma, low‐abundance bacteria were more affected by changes in environment and diet (ie, when horses were experiencing an exacerbation), as shown by changes in membership and results from the LEfSe analysis. There was a significant increase in the relative abundance of Fibrobacter in healthy horses eating hay, a change that was not observed in horses with asthma. Conclusions and Clinical Importance The intestinal microbiota of horses with asthma does not adapt in the same way to changes in diet and environment compared to the microbiota of healthy horses. Mechanisms explaining how airway obstruction and inflammation could influence the intestinal microbiota and how in turn this microbiota could modulate systemic inflammation in asthmatic horses deserves further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Animals and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Leclère

Costa

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…This has been documented in children and adults with asthma, and dysbiosis is now associated not only with asthma prevalence and acute exacerbation, but also with asthma severity and airway hyperresponsiveness . Dysbiosis of the airways was also described recently using next‐generation sequencing in horses with moderate and severe asthma, using inclusion criteria in line with the current ACVIM recommendations. Tracheal microbiota was altered in horses with moderate asthma, with a greater relative abundance of the genus Streptococcus spp., and pulmonary microbiota was also altered in horses with severe asthma, but without overrepresentation of specific pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavages .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Dysbiosis of the airways was also described recently using next‐generation sequencing in horses with moderate and severe asthma, using inclusion criteria in line with the current ACVIM recommendations. Tracheal microbiota was altered in horses with moderate asthma, with a greater relative abundance of the genus Streptococcus spp., and pulmonary microbiota was also altered in horses with severe asthma, but without overrepresentation of specific pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavages . Neither studies attempted to quantify the absolute amount of specific pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, there is an association between tracheal bacterial count and cough, and between tracheal mucus and bacteria isolated from tracheal aspirates in racehorses . The pulmonary microbiome of horses with asthma is different from that of healthy horses, and the pulmonary microbiome is influenced both by the presence of the disease and by the environment . In human asthma, bacteria have received less attention than viruses for their role in clinical exacerbations, but infections with Haemophilus influenzae , Moraxella catarrhalis , and Streptococcus pneumoniae are now recognized as opportunistic pathogens associated with acute asthma exacerbations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracheal microbial populations in horses with moderate asthma

Manguin

Pepin

Boivin

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background There are limited data on potential dysbiosis of the airway microbiota in horses with asthma. Hypothesis/Objectives We hypothesized that the respiratory microbiota of horses with moderate asthma is altered. Our objectives were (a) to quantify tracheal bacterial populations using culture and qPCR, (2) to compare aerobic culture and qPCR, and (c) to correlate bacterial populations with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology. Animals Eighteen horses with moderate asthma from a hospital population and 10 controls. Methods Prospective case‐control study. Aerobic culture was performed on tracheal aspirates, and streptococci, Pasteurella multocida, Chlamydophila spp., Mycoplasma spp., as well as 16S (bacterial) and 18S (fungal) rRNA subunits were quantified by qPCR. Results Potential pathogens such as Streptococcus spp., Actinobacillus spp., and Pasteurellaceae were isolated from 8, 5, and 6 horses with asthma and 3, 0, and 2 controls, respectively. There was a positive correlation between Streptococcus spp. DNA and 16S rRNA gene (r ≥ 0.7, P ≤ 0.02 in both groups), but the overall bacterial load (16S) was lower in asthma (1.5 ± 1.3 versus 2.5 ± 0.8 × 104 copy/μL, P < 0.05). There was no association between microbial populations and clinical signs, tracheal mucus or BALF inflammation. Conclusions and Clinical Importance This study does not support that bacterial overgrowth is a common feature of chronic moderate asthma in horses. Lower bacterial load could suggest dysbiosis of the lower airways, either as a consequence of chronic inflammation or previous treatments, or as a perpetuating factor of inflammation.

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Respiratory System Microbiome

2023

Small Animal Microbiomes and Nutrition

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Lung Microbiome Is Influenced by the Environment and Asthmatic Status in an Equine Model of Asthma

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Tracheal microbial populations in horses with moderate asthma

Respiratory System Microbiome

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