Lymph node invasion in hypopharynx and lateral epilarynx carcinoma: A prognostic factor

Lefebvre, Jean‐Louis; Castelain, B.; Torre, Juan Carlos Gómez de la; Delobelle-Deroide, A; Vankemmel, B

doi:10.1002/hed.2890100104

Cited by 63 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In a univariate analysis, they noted that ECS and greater than 3 positive nodes were highly associated with DM (p < .001). In a retrospective review of patients with hypopharynx and larynx cancers who underwent varied treatments, Lefebvre et al 14 noted that patients with greater than 3 nodal metastasis and ECS had approximately 3 times the incidence of DM as compared to patients with no lymph node metastasis. They suggested that patients with these histological features be given more aggressive therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of distant metastasis after treatment of advanced-stage head and neck cancer

1997

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Background The recognition of risk factors for thedevelopment of distant metastasis is necessary for identifying high‐risk patients who may benefit from systemic therapy. Previous investigations studying possible risk factors have been heterogeneous, with patients having varied forms of therapy. This study is designed to evaluate the clinical and histologic risk factors for the development of distant metastasis (DM) in patients with only advanced‐stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma after surgery and radiotherapy. Methods Retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients withsurgically treated stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx, tongue, and supraglottic larynx between 1988–1992. The cohort consisted of 130 patients of which 30 patients developed DM as the initial site of failure. All patients underwent surgical resection of the primary. Neck dissection was performed in 26 of 30 (87%) patients who developed distant metastasis. Almost all patients received radiation therapy. Patients who initiallydeveloped DM (DM group) were compared with patients who did not initially develop DM (no DM group) with respect to certain clinical and histo‐pathological factors. Results The majority of patients in the DM group had advanced T stage and clinically palpable cervical lymph nodes (73% and 93% respectively). In the no DM group, most patients had advanced T stage (85%) but 42% of the patients had stage N0 necks (p < .05). Eighty‐eight percent of patients in the DM group and 60% of patients in the no DM group had histological evidence of extracapsular spread of tumor from cervical lymph nodes (p < .05). Three or more positive lymph nodes were found in 69% of patients who developed DM and in only 35% of patients in the no DM group (p < .05). Age, gender, primary site, history of radiation therapy, perineural invasion and tumor grade were not associated with a higher risk for DM (p > .05). Conclusion Patients with clinically palpable neck disease (N1‐3), histological evidence of metastatic nodal disease, extracapsular spread, and three or more positive lymph nodes are at greater risk of developing failure at distant sites. This subset of patients should have an extensive evaluation for distant metastatic disease and should be considered for systemic therapy. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Head Neck 19:500–505, 1997.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of distant metastasis after treatment of advanced-stage head and neck cancer

1997

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“…More than 75% of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis (14). Lymph node metastasis is present in 60-80% of patients and it directly affects the prognosis of this disease (15). Metastasis of tumors is a complex process, and various factors are involved in each step of metastasis (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor necrosis factor α induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes metastasis via NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated TWIST expression in hypopharyngeal cancer

et al. 2013

Oncology Reports

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Abstract. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism in cancer metastasis. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) can induce cancer invasion and metastasis associated with EMT. However, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. Therefore, we investigated whether TNFα has an effect on EMT and invasion and metastasis in human hypopharyngeal cancer FaDu cells, and further explored the potential mechanisms. In the present study, we demonstrated that TNFα induced EMT in FaDu cells and promoted FaDu cell migration and invasion. TNFα-induced EMT was characterized by a change from well organized cell-cell adhesion and cell polarity to loss of cell-cell contacts, cell scattering and increased expression of vimentin and N-cadherin accompanied by a decrease in E-cadherin. Furthermore, we found that p65 translocated to the nucleus after TNFα stimulation and increased the nuclear expression of TWIST. We demonstrated that TNFα treatment also increased the expression of TWIST by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. While p65 was inhibited by siRNA-65 or BAY11-7082 (inhibitor of NF-κB), TWIST expression was also decreased. Therefore, we conclude that TNFα induces EMT and promotes metastasis via NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated TWIST expression in hypopharyngeal cancer.

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“…More than 75% of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis (1). Lymph node metastasis is present in 60-80% of patients and it directly affects the prognosis of the disease (2). Although the locoregional control of this cancer has been significantly improved in the last decades because of the advent of new surgical techniques and approaches, this improvement does not significantly influence the overall survival rate, partly because of metastasis (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TWIST expression in hypopharyngeal cancer and the mechanism of TWIST-induced promotion of metastasis

Wang¹

2011

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The transcription factor TWIST is an important factor in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor metastasis. To explore the functions of TWIST in hypopharyngeal cancer, we investigated if overexpression of TWIST has an effect on FaDu cell morphology, and if alteration of TWIST has an effect on E-cadherin, N-cadherin, c-fos, MMP-9, as well as in cell migration, and the invasion ability of FaDu cells. Moreover, we also studied the relationship between TWIST overexpression and clinicopathological characteristics in hypopharyngeal cancer tissue samples by immunohistochemical assays. The results showed that overexpression of TWIST-induced morphological changes, such as occurrence of EMT. TWIST overexpression also increased cell migration and invasion ability, accompanied by an alteration of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, c-fos and MMP-9 expression. Furthermore, immunohistochemical assays showed that TWIST overexpression was related with tumor differentiation (P=0.038), tumor size (P=0.048) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.044). The data presented reveal that overexpression of TWIST plays a significant role in the metastasis of hypopharyngeal tumors, and alteration of TWIST has an effect on the EMT, c-fos and MMP-9 expression in FaDu cells. We conclude that TWIST promotes hypopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis, and the TWIST/c-fos/MMP-9 signaling pathway may play an important role in the metastasis of FaDu cells. IntroductionHypopharyngeal cancer is one of the most common head and neck malignancies. More than 75% of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis (1). Lymph node metastasis is present in 60-80% of patients and it directly affects the prognosis of the disease (2). Although the locoregional control of this cancer has been significantly improved in the last decades because of the advent of new surgical techniques and approaches, this improvement does not significantly influence the overall survival rate, partly because of metastasis (3). Therefore, understanding the potential mechanism of hypopharyngeal cancer metastasis and investigating the related targeted factors of metastasis are of primary concern.Recently, some studies have shown that TWIST, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, is known to be essential for proper gastrulation, mesoderm formation, and neural crest migration (4). Interestingly, TWIST is required for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (5). In addition, elevated TWIST expression was further related with tumor invasion and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (6). The role of TWIST in promoting EMT processes has also been reported in other solid cancers, such as prostate and uterine cancer (7,8). EMT and its accompanying reduction in E-cad expression have been shown to be essential for the extravasation of cancer cells into secondary organs (9). Previous research has confirmed that TWIST overexpression not only promotes the migration and invasion of cancers cells, but also decreases the sensitivi...

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Lymph node invasion in hypopharynx and lateral epilarynx carcinoma: A prognostic factor

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Development of distant metastasis after treatment of advanced-stage head and neck cancer

Development of distant metastasis after treatment of advanced-stage head and neck cancer

Tumor necrosis factor α induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes metastasis via NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated TWIST expression in hypopharyngeal cancer

TWIST expression in hypopharyngeal cancer and the mechanism of TWIST-induced promotion of metastasis

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