Lymphocyte Subsets Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies in Human Pregnancy

Moore, Michael C.; Carter, N.P.; Redman, Christopher W.G.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00239.x

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Similar changes in B cell compartment have been reported in a number of human pregnancy studies . The absolute numbers and frequencies of circulating CD5 + B cells are decreased in normal human pregnancy (Table ), and can persist for up to 1 month postpartum .…”

Section: B Cell Alterations In Pregnancysupporting

confidence: 78%

To B or not to B cells-mediate a healthy start to life

Nguyen

Ward²,

Morris

2013

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryMaternal immune responses during pregnancy are critical in programming the future health of a newborn. The maternal immune system is required to accommodate fetal immune tolerance as well as to provide a protective defence against infections for the immunocompromised mother and her baby during gestation and lactation. Natural immunity and antibody production by maternal B cells play a significant role in providing such immunoprotection. However, aberrations in the B cell compartment as a consequence of maternal autoimmunity can pose serious risks to both the mother and her baby. Despite their potential implication in shaping pregnancy outcomes, the role of B cells in human pregnancy has been poorly studied. This review focuses on the role of B cells and the implications of B cell depletion therapy in pregnancy. It highlights the evidence of an association between aberrant B cell compartment and obstetric conditions. It also alludes to the potential mechanisms that amplify these B cell aberrances and thereby contribute to exacerbation of some maternal autoimmune conditions and poor neonatal outcomes. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests strongly that maternal autoantibodies contribute directly to the pathologies of obstetric and neonatal conditions that have significant implications for the lifelong health of a newborn. The evidence for clinical benefit and safety of B cell depletion therapies in pregnancy is reviewed, and an argument is mounted for further clinical evaluation of B cell-targeted therapies in high-risk pregnancy, with an emphasis on improving neonatal outcomes and prevention of neonatal conditions such as congenital heart block and fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.

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Section: B Cell Alterations In Pregnancysupporting

confidence: 78%

To B or not to B cells-mediate a healthy start to life

Nguyen

Ward²,

Morris

2013

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Several studies [ 17 – 27 ] both prospective and cross-sectional have reported on circulating B cells during normal human pregnancy with majority describing lower total numbers and/or frequency when compared to levels post-partum or in healthy non-pregnant. Most studies [ 17 , 19 – 24 , 27 ] have only investigated total B cells as defined by the expression of CD20 or CD19 with older studies [ 18 , 25 , 26 ] using either expression of Ia (HLA-DR) or surface immunoglobulin. A few studies [ 17 , 19 , 24 , 27 ] have reported on the frequency of B cell subsets expressing CD5 with majority describing lower frequency or lower total numbers of this subset during pregnancy, at delivery or early in the postpartum period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of B cells in healthy pregnant women from late pregnancy to post-partum: a prospective observational study

Lima

Martins

Leandro

et al. 2016

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundB cells play a role in pregnancy due to their humoral and regulatory activities. To our knowledge, different maturational stages (from transitional to memory) of circulating B cell subsets have not yet been characterized (cell quantification and phenotype identification) in healthy pregnant women. Thus, the objective of our study was to characterize these subsets (as well as regulatory B cells) from late pregnancy to post-partum and to compare them with the circulating B cells of non-pregnant women.MethodsIn all of the enrolled women, flow cytometry was used to characterize the circulating B cell subsets according to the expression of IgD and CD38 (Bm1-Bm5 classification system). Regulatory B cells were characterized based on the expression of surface antigens (CD24, CD27, and CD38) and the production of IL-10 after lipopolysaccharide stimulation.ResultsCompared to the absolute counts of B cells in the non-pregnant women (n = 35), those in the pregnant women (n = 43) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and on delivery day (immediately after delivery). The percentages of these cells on delivery day and at post-partum were significantly lower than those in the non-pregnant women.In general, the absolute counts and percentages of the majority of the B cell subsets were significantly lower in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and on delivery day than in the non-pregnant women. However, these counts and percentages did not differ significantly between the post-partum and the non-pregnant women.The most notable exceptions to the above were the percentages of naïve B cells (which were significantly higher in the 3rd trimester and on delivery day than in the non-pregnant women) and of CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells (which were significantly higher in the post-partum than in the non-pregnant women).ConclusionAccording to our study, the peripheral B cell compartment undergoes quantitative changes during normal late pregnancy and post-partum. Such findings may allow us to better understand immunomodulation during human pregnancy and provide evidence that could aid in the development of new strategies to diagnose and treat pregnancy-associated disturbances. Our findings could also be useful for studies of the mechanisms of maternal responses to vaccination and infection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-016-0927-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Consistently, the overall antibody titers to influenza infection are lower in pregnant mice (Medina and Kincade, 1994;Smithson et al, 1998;Chan et al, 2010). Similar changes have also been found in humans by many studies (Christiansen et al, 1976;Moore et al, 1983;Valdimarsson et al, 1983;Iwatani et al, 1988;Watanabe et al, 1997;Mahmoud et al, 2001a). Of note, steroid hormones regulate humoral immunity at multiple stages of B cell development.…”

Section: Humoral Immune Modulations In Pregnancy That Influence Vaccimentioning

confidence: 55%

Maternal vaccination: moving the science forward

Faucette

Unger

Gonik

et al. 2014

Human Reproduction Update

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To tackle the scientific challenges of maternal vaccination and to provide the public with informed vaccination choices, scientists and clinicians in different disciplines must work closely and have a mechanistic understanding of the systemic, reproductive and mammary mucosal immune responses to vaccines. The use of animal models should be coupled with human studies in an iterative manner for maternal vaccine experimentation, evaluation and optimization. Systems biology approaches should be adopted to improve the speed, accuracy and safety of maternal vaccine targeting.

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Lymphocyte Subsets Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies in Human Pregnancy

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

To B or not to B cells-mediate a healthy start to life

To B or not to B cells-mediate a healthy start to life

Characterization of B cells in healthy pregnant women from late pregnancy to post-partum: a prospective observational study

Maternal vaccination: moving the science forward

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