Lymphomas and thyroid: Bridging the gap

Abstract

The thyroid gland is often involved in the development of neoplastic diseases, including lymphoproliferative disorders. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the multiple interactions between lymphoma and thyroid. Through an extensive research among the literature, the relationship between lymphomas and thyroid can be established at various levels, and the possible interconnections are here summarized in 5 points: (1) the greater risk of lymphoma development in some thyroid diseases; (2) the primary thyroid lymphoma, with focus on issues related to the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment; (3) the incidence of thyroid involvement in primitive nodal lymphomas or in extranodal lymphomas of the other sites; (4) thyroid changes after treatment of lymphoma, in relation to the effects of radiation therapy and immuno-chemotherapy; (5) the incidental findings of thyroid changes, on imaging, in patients with lymphoma, without a direct involvement of the gland in malignant disease. In conclusion, issues that until now have been dealt with separately will therefore be analyzed in a unique paper, allowing a global view of the topic and emphasizing the need of a multidisciplinary approach. Future learning areas in this topic mainly relate to rapidly increasing the knowledge of imaging studies together with expanding the armamentarium of novel biological and targeting agents in lymphoma patients.

Vitiligo and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

“…However, 20% of patients associate at least one more autoimmune disease [ 29 – 31 ]. Regarding the malignancy risk, the condition has been correlated with papillary thyroid cancer, increasing the risk of primary thyroid lymphoma [ 29 – 31 ].…”

“…However, 20% of patients associate at least one more autoimmune disease [ 29 – 31 ]. Regarding the malignancy risk, the condition has been correlated with papillary thyroid cancer, increasing the risk of primary thyroid lymphoma [ 29 – 31 ]. Due to the high prevalence in the general population, the overlap with other frequently found conditions like obesity, metabolic syndrome, or breast cancer has been analyzed, and the association is still a matter of debate [ 32 – 34 ].…”

Linfoma Primário de Tireoide Mimetizando Carcinoma Anaplásico

“…Quanto à apresentação clínica, pode ser na forma de bócio ou nódulos discretos. Dois terços dos pacientes são assintomáticos, e os demais apresentam sintomas resultantes da compressão de estruturas cervicais, como a faringe e laringe, desencadeando dispneia, estridor e tosse; esôfago, levando à disfagia; vasos sanguíneos, apresentando-se como hemoptise 1 . Febre, perda de peso e suores noturnos, descritos como sintomas B, aparecem em cerca de 10% dos casos¹.…”

Assesment of Iodine Deficiency in Patients with Nodular Goiter Living in the Precarpatian Region

“…Використовувались також епідеміологічні критерії для оцінки забезпеченості йодом, основані на медіані йодурії та рівнем тиреоглобуліну в пацієнтів з вузловим зобом [9,10]. Визначення концентрації йоду в сечі проводилося методом «сліпого», закритого рондамізованого дослідження у разових порціях сечі згідно з реакцією Sandell-Kolthoff за методом Dunn et al [11] у лабораторії епідеміології ендокринних захворювань ДУ «Інститут ендокринології та обміну речовин ім. В.П.Комісаренка НАМН України» (керівник -професор Кравченко В.І.).…”