Lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin induces apoptosis in susceptible Culex quinquefasciatus larvae

Tangsongcharoen, Chontida; Chomanee, Nusara; Promdonkoy, Boonhiang; Boonserm, Panadda

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2015.04.008

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…pylori VacA toxin, which is accomplished by increasing the V-ATPase activity [38, 39]. Our results support a TEM-based cytopathological study that showed the presence of vacuoles in the cells of Bin-treated mosquitoes, probably as a result of cytoplasmic organelle breakdown and not V-ATPase activity [19]. Moreover, the organelle swelling of cells treated with Bin from 6–18 h may have been caused by the down-regulation of transcripts encoding the chloride channel 2 protein (CPIJ003880), which is a ubiquitous chloride channel abundant in the plasma membrane that is involved in the regulation of cell volume [40].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…According to our recent publication, both cytopathological changes and biochemical evidence of apoptosis induced by Bin toxin were found in Culex larvae at these time points [19]. As many as 3,780 transcripts were differentially regulated upon Bin toxin exposure in at least one treatment group, representing 16.5% of the annotated C .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These changes in ER-associated transcripts could alter the balance of protein synthesis and the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, causing ER stress [19, 48]. The occurrence of ER stress induced by Bin toxin could also affect Ca 2+ release from ER lumen into the cytosol, as shown by the increased transcript abundance of inositol trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) (CPIJ012217) and calpain (CPIJ005134) during 6–12 h of Bin treatment as well as the decreased transcript abundance of calreticulin (CPIJ007376) and calnexin (CPIJ009164) [49, 50].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…quinquefasciatus larvae were starved for 3 h before feeding with the mixture of BinA and BinB at a 1:1 molar ratio. Four biological replicates of 20 third-instar Culex larvae were treated with an LC 90 dose (80 ng/ml) of Bin toxin for 6, 12, or 18 h [19]; Culex larvae without Bin toxin treatment were used as negative controls. The treated and non-treated larvae that were still alive after a 6-, 12-, or 18-h exposure time were collected for transcriptomic analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous report has described a Bin toxin-induced autophagic response in mammalian cells [18]. Moreover, the mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis in susceptible mosquito larvae that results from exposure to Bin has been suggested to contribute to larval death [19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular analysis of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae responses to Lysinibacillus sphaericus Bin toxin

et al. 2017

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Lysinibacillus sphaericus produces the mosquito larvicidal binary toxin consisting of BinA and BinB, which are both required for toxicity against Culex and Anopheles larvae. The molecular mechanisms behind Bin toxin-induced damage remain unexplored. We used whole-genome microarray-based transcriptome analysis to better understand how Culex larvae respond to Bin toxin treatment at the molecular level. Our analyses of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae transcriptome changes at 6, 12, and 18 h after Bin toxin treatment revealed a wide range of transcript signatures, including genes linked to the cytoskeleton, metabolism, immunity, and cellular stress, with a greater number of down-regulated genes than up-regulated genes. Bin toxin appears to mainly repress the expression of genes involved in metabolism, the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and the protein transporter of the outer/inner mitochondrial membrane. The induced genes encode proteins linked to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and cellular detoxification including autophagic processes and lysosomal compartments. This study is, to our knowledge, the first microarray analysis of Bin toxin-induced transcriptional responses in Culex larvae, providing a basis for an in-depth understanding of the molecular nature of Bin toxin-induced damage.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular analysis of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae responses to Lysinibacillus sphaericus Bin toxin

et al. 2017

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Resistance of Mosquitoes to Entomopathogenic Bacterial-Based Larvicides: Current Status and Strategies for Management

Silva-Filha

2017

Bacillus Thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus Sphaericus

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Contribution of Lysinibacillus sphaericus hemolysin and chitin-binding protein in entomopathogenic activity against insecticide resistant Aedes aegypti

Rojas-Pinzón

Dussán

2017

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Given its toxicity against culicid larvae, Lysinibacillus sphaericus is used for the biological control of mosquitoes such as Culex sp. and Anopheles sp. The toxicity factors currently reported for L. sphaericus include the Binary toxin, Mtx toxins, and the S-layer. However, Aedes aegypti is refractory to the Binary toxin, the most toxic larvicidal protein of L. sphaericus. Until now, there are no evidences of the hemolytic and chitinolytic capacity of L. sphaericus. Herein, the expression of the hemolysin D (hlyD) and the chitin-binding protein genes of L. sphaericus III(3)7, OT4b.25, and 2362 was quantified. Gene expression was assessed 24 and 48 h after field-collected and Rockefeller A. aegypti larvae were fed with the bacteria. The hlyD gene showed the highest expression at 24 h whilst the expression of the chitin-binding protein gene increases at 48 h. The highest hlyD expression was seen in the III(3)7 strain and the highest chitin-binding protein gene expression was in the 2362 strain. The consortium of L. sphaericus III(3)7 and 2362 showed the highest expression of both genes being with field-collected and Rockefeller larvae. The results suggest that hemolysin D and the chitin-binding protein can be two novel toxic elements involved in the entomopathogenic activity of L. sphaericus. These proteins, along with the other L. sphaericus toxins, make this bacterium a suitable alternative to replace the chemical insecticides used for the control of A. aegypti populations.

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Lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin induces apoptosis in susceptible Culex quinquefasciatus larvae

Cited by 35 publications

References 40 publications

Molecular analysis of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae responses to Lysinibacillus sphaericus Bin toxin

Molecular analysis of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae responses to Lysinibacillus sphaericus Bin toxin

Resistance of Mosquitoes to Entomopathogenic Bacterial-Based Larvicides: Current Status and Strategies for Management

Contribution of Lysinibacillus sphaericus hemolysin and chitin-binding protein in entomopathogenic activity against insecticide resistant Aedes aegypti

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