Machine Learning Analysis of Gaze Data for Enhanced Precision in Diagnosing Oral Mucosal Diseases

Abstract

The diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases is a significant challenge due to their diverse differential characteristics. Risk assessment of lesions by visual examination is a complex process due to the lack of definitive guidelines. This study aimed to improve this process by creating a diagnostic algorithm using gaze data acquired during oral mucosal disease examinations. A total of 78 dentists were included in this study. Tobii Pro Nano® (Tobii Technology) was used to acquire gaze data during clinical photographic visual examinations. Advanced analysis tools such as support vector machines and heatmaps were used to visualize the gazing tendencies of a group of skilled oral surgeons, focusing on the number of gazes per region and the gazing time ratios. The preliminary findings showed the possibility of visualizing gazing tendencies and identifying areas of importance for diagnosis. The classification of intraoral photographs based on gross features revealed the existence of an optimal examination method for each category and diagnostically significant areas. This novel approach to analyzing gaze data has the potential to refine diagnostic techniques and increase both accuracy and efficiency.