Macro-Energy Systems: Toward a New Discipline

Levi, Patricia J.; Kurland, Simon Davidsson; Carbajales‐Dale, Michael; Weyant, John P.; Brandt, Adam R.; Benson, Sally M.

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.07.017

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In comparison, it would be challenging to achieve these tasks using state-of-the-art power engineering models or energy system models that include refined geographical representations, high temporal resolutions (e.g., 5 min or shorter time steps), and sophisticated technical details. The role and utility of these emerging macro-energy systems models have been discussed recently in detail ( Levi et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Deep Reductions in Energy Storage Costs on Highly Reliable Wind and Solar Electricity Systems

et al. 2020

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Summary We use 36 years (1980–2015) of hourly weather data over the contiguous United States (CONUS) to assess the impact of low-cost energy storage on highly reliable electricity systems that use only variable renewable energy (VRE; wind and solar photovoltaics). Even assuming perfect transmission of wind and solar generation aggregated over CONUS, energy storage costs would need to decrease several hundred-fold from current costs (to ∼$1/kWh) in fully VRE electricity systems to yield highly reliable electricity without extensive curtailment of VRE generation. The role of energy storage changes from high-cost storage competing with curtailment to fill short-term gaps between VRE generation and hourly demand to near-free storage serving as seasonal storage for VRE resources. Energy storage faces “double penalties” in VRE/storage systems: with increasing capacity, (1) the additional storage is used less frequently and (2) hourly electricity costs would become less volatile, thus reducing price arbitrage opportunities for the additional storage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Deep Reductions in Energy Storage Costs on Highly Reliable Wind and Solar Electricity Systems

et al. 2020

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“…Here we comprehensively assess the roles and interactions of LDS and batteries for highly reliable wind-solar-storage electricity systems in the U.S. and several of its ll regional interconnects. Specifically, we use historical hourly averaged wind and solar resource data derived from a reanalysis weather dataset, 53 historical electricity demand data from all balancing authorities across the contiguous U.S., 54 and a macro-scale energy model 55 to evaluate the relative merits and cost-effectiveness of LDS in conjunction with batteries for filling hourly, daily, weekly, seasonal, and inter-annual gaps in solar and wind generation in such systems, regions, and time periods. The large geographical areas and high temporal resolution require abstraction to make analyses tractable.…”

Section: Context and Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Long-Duration Energy Storage in Variable Renewable Electricity Systems

Dowling

Rinaldi

Ruggles

et al. 2020

Joule

354

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Laws in several U.S. states mandate zero-carbon electricity systems based primarily on renewable technologies, such as wind and solar. Long-term, largecapacity energy storage, such as those that might be provided by power-to-gasto-power systems, may improve reliability and affordability of systems based on variable non-dispatchable generation. Long-term storage can reduce costs of wind-solar-battery electricity systems at current technology costs by filling seasonal and multi-year storage functional roles. Innovation in long-term storage technology could further improve the affordability of reliable renewable electricity.

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“…The IDEEA model adopts a capacity-expansion framework for electric power systems, with potential extension to whole energy system optimisation. Formerly known as reference energy system or bottom-up energy system models-and recently, macro-energy systems [28]-this modelling approach combines engineering with economics. Energy and materials (commodities) are measured in physical quantities.…”

Section: Ideea Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Zero-Carbon Electricity System for India in 2050: IDEEA Model-Based Scenarios Integrating Wind and Solar Complementarity and Geospatial Endowments

et al. 2021

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This study evaluated a potential transition of India’s power sector to 100% wind and solar energy sources. Applying a macro-energy IDEEA (Indian Zero Carbon Energy Pathways) model to 32 regions and 114 locations of potential installation of wind energy and 60 locations of solar energy, we evaluated a 100% renewable power system in India as a concept. We considered 153 scenarios with varying sets of generating and balancing technologies to evaluate each intermittent energy source separately and their complementarity. Our analysis confirms the potential technical feasibility and long-term reliability of a 100% renewable system for India, even with solar and wind energy only. Such a dual energy source system can potentially deliver fivefold the annual demand of 2019. The robust, reliable supply can be achieved in the long term, as verified by 41 years of weather data. The required expansion of energy storage and the grid will depend on the wind and solar energy structure and the types of generating technologies. Solar energy mostly requires intraday balancing that can be achieved through storage or demand-side flexibility. Wind energy is more seasonal and spatially scattered, and benefits from the long-distance grid expansion for balancing. The complementarity of the two resources on a spatial scale reduces requirements for energy storage. The demand-side flexibility is the key in developing low-cost supply with minimum curtailments. This can be potentially achieved with the proposed two-level electricity market where electricity prices reflect variability of the supply. A modelled experiment with price signals demonstrates how balancing capacity depends on the price levels of guaranteed and flexible types of loads, and therefore, can be defined by the market.

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Macro-Energy Systems: Toward a New Discipline

Cited by 55 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of Deep Reductions in Energy Storage Costs on Highly Reliable Wind and Solar Electricity Systems

Effects of Deep Reductions in Energy Storage Costs on Highly Reliable Wind and Solar Electricity Systems

Role of Long-Duration Energy Storage in Variable Renewable Electricity Systems

Towards a Zero-Carbon Electricity System for India in 2050: IDEEA Model-Based Scenarios Integrating Wind and Solar Complementarity and Geospatial Endowments

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