Macro, Micro, and Nano-Inspired Bioactive Polymeric Biomaterials in Therapeutic, and Regenerative Orofacial Applications

Abstract

Introducing dental polymers has accelerated biotechnological research, advancing tissue engineering, biomaterials development, and drug delivery. Polymers have been utilized effectively in dentistry to build dentures and orthodontic equipment and are key components in the composition of numerous restorative materials. Furthermore, dental polymers have the potential to be employed for medication administration and tissue regeneration. To analyze the influence of polymer-based investigations on practical medical trials, it is required to evaluate the research undertaken in this sector. The present review aims to gather evidence on polymer applications in dental, oral, and maxillofacial reconstruction.

Bioactive injectable mucoadhesive thermosensitive natural polymeric hydrogels for oral bone and periodontal regeneration

“…Chemical hydrogels are covalently bonded polymers that exceed other materials in terms of physical durability and ability to withstand deterioration. Biological substances such as amino acids, enzymes, and so on are employed in the gelation process of biochemical hydrogels ( Atia et al, 2023b ).…”

“…They are frequently employed as medicinal product carriers and tissue scaffolds because of their exceptional biocompatibility and biodegradability (producing body-favorable metabolites during disintegration). Furthermore, they have significant benefits regarding a similarity to biological macromolecules that can be identified by cellular ligands and improve cell adherence, propagation, and multiplication in regenerative applications ( Atia et al, 2023b ).…”

Harnessing the power of bee venom for therapeutic and regenerative medical applications: an updated review

“…P. gingivalis produces virulence-related substances to survive in the oral environment ( Jia et al, 2019 ). These contaminants stimulate host cells, including gingival macrophages and fibroblasts, leading to inflammation in periodontal tissue and alveolar bone resorption ( Xu et al, 2020 ; Atia GA. et al, 2023 ). Periodontal infection triggers inflammation that increases host immune cells and promotes the breakdown of bones through cytokines, chemokines, and attachment molecules ( Cekici et al, 2014 ).…”

“…For instance, the therapeutic efficacy of natural extracts and components has been hampered by a variety of issues, notably an absence of targeting capability and low bioavailability. Scientists recommended employing scaffolds infused with BV to address its disadvantages and boost its physiological and medicinal benefits ( Atia GA. et al, 2023 ; Liu H. et al, 2023 ; Atia et al, 2024 ; El-Nablaway et al, 2024 ). Despite advances in cancer treatment, the illness remains the leading cause of death globally.…”