Macroscale patterns of the biological cycling of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the Northwest Atlantic

Lizotte, Martine; Levasseur, Maurice; Michaud, Sonia; Scarratt, Michael; Merzouk, Anissa; Gosselin, Michel; Pommier, Julien; Rivkin, Richard B.; Kiene, Ronald P.

doi:10.1007/s10533-011-9698-4

Cited by 46 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…These values are consistent with previously reported rate constants for open ocean sites of 0.7-4.1 day À1 in the NW Atlantic (surface, May-October), [34] 0.8-6.3 day À1 in the Mediterranean (surface, 18-month timeseries), [35] 0.2-3.4 day À1 in the Arctic (surface, October), [36] 1.9-6.7 day À1 in the North Pacific (0-125 m, AugustOctober), [37] 2.3 day À1 in the North Sea (surface, June) [38] and 2.1 day À1 in the NE subarctic Pacific (surface, May-June). [39] The values observed at the oligotrophic BATS site were significantly lower than the turnover rates observed in coastal, high iron rich waters (22.1 day À1 ) [39] and in an enriched mesocosm experiment (,20 day À1 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Revising upper-ocean sulfur dynamics near Bermuda: new lessons from 3 years of concentration and rate measurements

et al. 2016

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Environmental context. Microscopic marine organisms have the potential to influence the global climate through the production of a trace gas, dimethylsulfide, which contributes to cloud formation. Using 3 years of observations, we investigated the environmental drivers behind the production and degradation of dimethylsulfide and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate. Our results highlight the important role of the microbial community in rapidly cycling these compounds and provide an important dataset for future modelling studies.Abstract. Oceanic biogeochemical cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS), and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), has gained considerable attention over the past three decades because of the potential role of DMS in climate mediation. Here we report 3 years of monthly vertical profiles of organic sulfur cycle concentrations (DMS, particulate DMSP (DMSPp) and dissolved DMSP (DMSPd)) and rates (DMSPd consumption, biological DMS consumption and DMS photolysis) from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site taken between 2005 and 2008. Concentrations confirm the summer paradox with mixed layer DMS peaking ,90 days after peak DMSPp and ,50 days after peak DMSPp : Chl. A small decline in mixed layer DMS was observed relative to those measured during a previous study at BATS (1992)(1993)(1994), potentially driven by long-term climate shifts at the site. On average, DMS cycling occurred on longer timescales than DMSPd (0.43 AE 0.35 v. 1.39 AE 0.76 day À1 ) with DMSPd consumption rates remaining elevated throughout the year despite significant seasonal variability in the bacterial DMSP degrader community. DMSPp was estimated to account for 4-5 % of mixed layer primary production and turned over at a significantly slower rate (,0.2 day À1 ). Photolysis drove DMS loss in the mixed layer during the summer, whereas biological consumption of DMS was the dominant loss process in the winter and at depth. These findings offer new insight into the underlying mechanisms driving DMS(P) cycling in the oligotrophic ocean, provide an extended dataset for future model evaluation and hypothesis testing and highlight the need for a reexamination of past modelling results and conclusions drawn from data collected with old methodologies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Revising upper-ocean sulfur dynamics near Bermuda: new lessons from 3 years of concentration and rate measurements

et al. 2016

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“…In our dataset, the shallowest MLDs were observed at stations BB3 and CAA6 (8.2 m and 6.1 m, respectively), and these stations were also characterized by elevated DMSP concentrations. The elevated DMSP : chl a ratios measured in our study also reflect the presence of high-DMSP producing taxa, a phenomenon also reported by other groups (Matrai et al 1997;Gali et al, 2010;Lizotte et al, 2012). Limited HPLC station data suggest that a mixed phytoplankton assemblage was present in the study area at the time of sampling.…”

Section: Phytoplankton Assemblage Composition and Mixed Layer Depthsupporting

confidence: 88%

The distribution of methylated sulfur compounds, DMS and DMSP, in Canadian Subarctic and Arctic marine waters during summer, 2015

Jarníková¹,

Dacey²,

Lizotte³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. We present seawater concentrations of dimethylsulfide (DMS), and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) measured across a transect from the Labrador Sea to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, during summer 2015. Using an automated ship-board gas chromatography system, and a membrane-inlet mass spectrometer, we measured a range of DMS (~&#8201;1&#8201;nM to 18&#8201;nM) and DMSP concentrations (~&#8201;1&#8201;nM to 150&#8201;nM) that was consistent with previous observations in the Arctic Ocean. The highest DMS and DMSP concentrations occurred in a localized region of Baffin Bay, where surface waters were characterized by high chlorophyll a (chl a) fluorescence, indicative of elevated phytoplankton biomass. Across the full sampling transect, there were only weak relationships between DMS/P, chl a fluorescence and other measured variables, including positive relationships between DMSP&#8201;:&#8201;chl a ratios and several taxonomic marker pigments, and elevated DMS/P concentrations in partially ice-covered areas. Our high spatial resolution measurements allowed us to examine DMS variability over small scales (<&#8201;1&#8201;km), and document strong DMS concentration gradients across surface hydrographic frontal features. The new observations presented in this study constitute a significant contribution to the existing Arctic DMS/P dataset, and provide a baseline for future measurements in the region.

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“…DMS concentration in the UML is regulated by a subtle dynamic equilibrium between production and consumption processes with a typical timescale of less than 4 days . Over the seasonal cycle, DMS concentration varies mainly in response to the phenology and ecological succession of microbial species and their interplay with physical forcing factors, particularly solar exposure and nutrient supply, which are in turn regulated by vertical mixing Lizotte et al, 2012;Simó and Pedrós-Alió, 1999). For instance, diatom blooms, typical of nutrient replete conditions at high latitudes, are characterized by low DMSP concentration per unit biomass and low DMSP-to-DMS conversion yield (Lizotte et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the seasonal cycle, DMS concentration varies mainly in response to the phenology and ecological succession of microbial species and their interplay with physical forcing factors, particularly solar exposure and nutrient supply, which are in turn regulated by vertical mixing Lizotte et al, 2012;Simó and Pedrós-Alió, 1999). For instance, diatom blooms, typical of nutrient replete conditions at high latitudes, are characterized by low DMSP concentration per unit biomass and low DMSP-to-DMS conversion yield (Lizotte et al, 2012). The opposite is true for microbial communities typical of stratified, nutrient-depleted and highly irradiated surface waters, both at low and high latitudes (Galí and Simó, 2010;Lizotte et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, diatom blooms, typical of nutrient replete conditions at high latitudes, are characterized by low DMSP concentration per unit biomass and low DMSP-to-DMS conversion yield (Lizotte et al, 2012). The opposite is true for microbial communities typical of stratified, nutrient-depleted and highly irradiated surface waters, both at low and high latitudes (Galí and Simó, 2010;Lizotte et al, 2012). Under these conditions, two main factors act synergistically to increase DMS concentration Vallina et al, 2008): the higher contribution of DMSP-rich species to total phytoplankton biomass Stefels et al, 2007); and the higher DMSP-to-DMS conversion yield at the microbial community level, possibly caused by the effects of nutrient and irradiance stress (Galí et al, 2013;Stefels, 2000;Sunda et al, 2002Sunda et al, , 2007Vallina et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sea-surface dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentration from satellite data at global and regional scales

Galí¹,

Levasseur²,

Devred

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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117

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Abstract. The marine biogenic gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) modulates climate by enhancing aerosol light scattering and seeding cloud formation. However, the lack of time-and space-resolved estimates of DMS concentration and emission hampers the assessment of its climatic effects. Here we present DMS SAT , a new remote sensing algorithm that relies on macroecological relationships between DMS, its phytoplanktonic precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPt) and plankton light exposure. In the first step, planktonic DMSPt is estimated from satellite-retrieved chlorophyll a and the light penetration regime as described in a previous study . In the second step, DMS is estimated as a function of DMSPt and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) at the sea surface with an equation of the form: log 10 DMS = α+βlog 10 DMSPt+γ PAR. The two-step DMS SAT algorithm is computationally light and can be optimized for global and regional scales. Validation at the global scale indicates that DMS SAT has better skill than previous algorithms and reproduces the main climatological features of DMS seasonality across contrasting biomes. The main shortcomings of the global-scale optimized algorithm are related to (i) regional biases in remotely sensed chlorophyll (which cause underestimation of DMS in the Southern Ocean) and (ii) the inability to reproduce high DMS / DMSPt ratios in late summer and fall in specific regions (which suggests the need to account for additional DMS drivers). Our work also highlights the shortcomings of interpolated DMS climatologies, caused by sparse and biased in situ sampling. Time series derived from MODIS-Aqua in the subpolar North Atlantic between 2003 and 2016 show wide interannual variability in the magnitude and timing of the annual DMS peak(s), demonstrating the need to move beyond the classical climatological view. By providing synoptic time series of DMS emission, DMS SAT can leverage atmospheric chemistry and climate models and advance our understanding of plankton-aerosol-cloud interactions in the context of global change.

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Macroscale patterns of the biological cycling of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the Northwest Atlantic

Cited by 46 publications

References 68 publications

Revising upper-ocean sulfur dynamics near Bermuda: new lessons from 3 years of concentration and rate measurements

Revising upper-ocean sulfur dynamics near Bermuda: new lessons from 3 years of concentration and rate measurements

The distribution of methylated sulfur compounds, DMS and DMSP, in Canadian Subarctic and Arctic marine waters during summer, 2015

Sea-surface dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentration from satellite data at global and regional scales

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