Mafic magmas from Mount Baker in the northern Cascade arc, Washington: probes into mantle and crustal processes

Moore, Nicole E.; DeBari, S. M.

doi:10.1007/s00410-011-0686-4

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Cpx from the more primitive basalts and Mg‐rich andesites erupted at Mount Baker, with N = 17 Cpx from Baggerman and DeBari (2011), N = 32 Cpx from Sas et al. (2017), N = 28 Cpx from Mullen and McCallum (2014), and N = 21 Cpx from N. E. Moore and DeBari (2012). …”

Section: Mount Bakermentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints on Magma Storage Depths Along the Cascade Arc: Knowns and Unknowns

Wieser,

Kent,

Till

et al. 2023

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The iconic volcanoes of the Cascade arc stretch from Lassen Volcanic Center in northern California, through Oregon and Washington, to the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt in British Columbia. Recent studies have reviewed differences in the distribution and eruptive volumes of vents, as well as variations in geochemical compositions and heat flux along strike (amongst other characteristics). We investigate whether these along‐arc trends manifest as variations in magma storage conditions. We compile available constraints on magma storage depths from InSAR, geodetics, seismic inversions, and magnetotellurics for each major edifice and compare these to melt inclusion saturation pressures, pressures calculated using mineral‐only barometers, and constraints from experimental petrology. The availability of magma storage depth estimates varies greatly along the arc, with abundant geochemical and geophysical data available for some systems (e.g., Lassen Volcanic Center, Mount St. Helens) and very limited data available for other volcanoes, including many which are classified as “very high threat” by the USGS (e.g., Glacier Peak, Mount Baker, Mount Hood, Three Sisters). Acknowledging the limitations of data availability and the large uncertainties associated with certain methods, available data are indicative of magma storage within the upper 15 km of the crust (∼2 ± 2 kbar) beneath the main edifices. These findings are consistent with previous work recognizing barometric estimates cluster within the upper crust in many arcs worldwide. There are no clear offsets in magma storage between arc segments that are in extension, transtension or compression, although substantially more petrological work is needed for fine scale evaluation of storage pressures.

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Section: Mount Bakermentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints on Magma Storage Depths Along the Cascade Arc: Knowns and Unknowns

Wieser,

Kent,

Till

et al. 2023

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…This establishes that U-Th baddeleyite geochronology is useful as an eruption chronometer for silicaundersaturated volcanic rocks <350 ka that lack other datable minerals (e.g., sanidine), or as a supplement to K-Ar (Ar-Ar) and 14 C dating methods. Baddeleyite has been discovered in volcanic rocks formed in a wide range of tectonic environments (e.g., the Cascade arc: Stockstill et al 2003;Moore and DeBari 2012), but because it is often overlooked unless specifically targeted, little is known about how common it is. The full application range of U-Th baddeleyite geochronology, and the potential for dating other micro-crystals in Quaternary mafic rocks such as zirconolite, remains to be explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports for Zr-rich accessory minerals in lava flows are scarce (e.g., de Hoog and van Bergen 2000; Carlier and Lorand 2003;Stockstill et al 2003;Moore and DeBari 2012;Melluso et al 2012Melluso et al , 2014, and it remains unclear if this is due to the small crystal size of these phases impeding easy identification, or if this reflects a rarity of lava flows carrying these accessories. Predicting the occurrence of Zr-bearing phases in mafic lavas based on whole-rock compositions also appears to be difficult (e.g., de Hoog and van Bergen 2000).…”

Section: Zr-bearing Accessory Minerals In Campi Flegrei Lava Flowsmentioning

confidence: 96%

U-Th baddeleyite geochronology and its significance to date the emplacement of silica undersaturated magmas

Schmitt

Pappalardo

2015

American Mineralogist

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Baddeleyite is a frequently found accessory mineral in silica undersaturated lavas. Because it is typically enriched in uranium, while having low initial lead, baddeleyite has long been a prime target for U-Pb geochronology of mafic rocks. The difficulties in retrieving small baddeleyite grains from volcanic samples and the lack of a detailed understanding of baddeleyite occurrence, however, have limited baddeleyite chronology largely to coarse-grained mafic intrusive rocks. Here, the development of U-Th in situ baddeleyite analysis using secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) is presented together with an assessment of baddeleyite occurrence in Quaternary silica-undersaturated lavas from Campi Flegrei (Naples, Italy). Samples studied comprise the pre-and post Campanian Ignimbrite (ca. 40 ka) lava domes of Cuma and Punta Marmolite, and Astroni and Accademia, respectively. The in situ sample preparation required initial identification of baddeleyite crystals from sawed and polished rock billets using scanning electron microscope (SEM) backscatter imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. U-Th baddeleyite isochron ages for intra-caldera Astroni and Accademia lava domes are 5.01 +2.61 -2.55 ka (MSWD = 2.0; n = 17) and 4.36 +1.13 -1.12 ka (MSWD = 2.9; n = 24), respectively. The ages for Punta Marmolite (62.4 +3.9 -3.8 ka; MSWD = 1.2; n = 11) and Cuma (45.9 +3.6 -3.5 ka; MSWD = 2.2; n = 11) predate the Campanian Ignimbrite. Rapid baddeleyite crystallization at the time of emplacement is supported by petrologic observations that >50% of the baddeleyite crystals documented in this study occur either in vesicles or in vesicle-rich regions of the host lavas whose textures developed over timescales of a few years to a few decades based on microlite crystal size distribution (CSD) analysis. Radiometric U-Th baddeleyite ages are mostly in agreement with previously determined K-Ar eruption ages, except for the Punta Marmolite lava dome whose U-Th baddeleyite age predates the K-Ar age by ca. 15 ka. Baddeleyite thus records eruptive emplacement with little evidence for significant pre-eruptive crystal residence, and has potential as an eruption chronometer for Quaternary silica-undersaturated volcanic rocks.

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“…Cpx from Baggerman and DeBari, (2011), N=32 Cpx from Sas et al (2017), N=28 Cpx from Mullen and McCallum, (2014), and N=26 Cpx from Moore and DeBari, (2012).…”

Section: Mount Bakermentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints on Magma Storage Depths along the Cascade Arc: Knowns and Unknowns

Wieser¹,

Kent²,

Till³

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The iconic volcanoes of the Cascade arc stretch from Lassen Volcanic Center in northern California, through Oregon and Washington, to the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt in British Columbia. Recent studies have reviewed differences in the distribution and eruptive volumes of vents, as well as variations in geochemical compositions and heat flux along strike (amongst other characteristics). We investigate whether these along-arc variations manifest as variations in magma storage conditions. We compile available constraints on magma storage depths from InSAR, geodetics, seismic inversions, and magnotellurics for each major edifice, and compare these to melt inclusion saturation pressures, pressures calculated using mineral-only barometers, and constraints from experimental petrology. The availability of magma storage depth estimates varies greatly along the arc, with abundant geochemical and geophysical data available for some systems (e.g. Lassen Volcanic Center, Mt. St. Helens), and very limited data available for other volcanoes, including many which are classified as “very high threat” by the USGS (e.g., Glacier Peak, Mt. Baker, Mt. Hood, Three Sisters). Acknowledging the limitations of data availability and the large uncertainties associated with certain methods, available data is indicative of magma storage within the upper 15 km of the crust (~2 ± 2 kbar). These findings are consistent with previous work recognising barometric estimates cluster within the upper crust in many arcs worldwide. There are no clear offsets in magma storage between arc segments that are in extension, transtension or compression, although substantially more petrological work is needed for fine scale evaluation of storage pressures.

show abstract

Mafic magmas from Mount Baker in the northern Cascade arc, Washington: probes into mantle and crustal processes

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints on Magma Storage Depths Along the Cascade Arc: Knowns and Unknowns

Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints on Magma Storage Depths Along the Cascade Arc: Knowns and Unknowns

U-Th baddeleyite geochronology and its significance to date the emplacement of silica undersaturated magmas

Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints on Magma Storage Depths along the Cascade Arc: Knowns and Unknowns

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