Magnetic field interactions between current consumer electronics and cardiac implantable electronic devices

Xu, Kathryn; Sengupta, Jay; Casey, Susan A.; Peltier, Joel; Stahl, Wyatt K.; Peterson, N. A.; Settimi, David; Taylor, Andrew; Kippola, James; Steele, Elizabeth A.; Hauser, Robert G.

doi:10.1007/s10840-022-01241-w

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…One case report described that ICD therapies were suspended when a smartphone (iPhone 12, Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA) was brought in close proximity to an implanted ICD [ 3 ]. This observation was confirmed by separate studies demonstrating the smartphone-induced inhibition of ICD therapy, and reprogramming of CIEDs to an asynchronous pacing mode [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The electromagnetic compatibility and exposure of AIMDs to static magnetic fields are governed by ISO 14117:2019 guidelines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Wireless charging has also become an important feature of smartphones and other wearable ECPs such as smartwatches and portable headphones. These ECPs are equipped with permanent magnets or permanent magnet arrays which constitute a potential source of EMI [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Most CIEDs use magnet-sensitive switches (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Fidelity 3D Stray Magnetic Field Mapping of Smartphones to Address Safety Considerations with Active Implantable Electronic Medical Devices

Saha

Millward

Herrmann

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Case reports indicate that magnets in smartphones could be a source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) for active implantable medical devices (AIMD), which could lead to device malfunction, compromising patient safety. Recognizing this challenge, we implemented a high-fidelity 3D magnetic field mapping (spatial resolution 1 mm) setup using a three-axis Hall probe and teslameter, controlled by a robot (COSI Measure). With this setup, we examined the stray magnetic field of an iPhone 13 Pro, iPhone 12, and MagSafe charger to identify sources of magnetic fields for the accurate risk assessment of potential interferences with AIMDs. Our measurements revealed that the stray fields of the annular array of magnets, the wide-angle camera, and the speaker of the smartphones exceeded the 1 mT limit defined by ISO 14117:2019. Our data-driven safety recommendation is that an iPhone 13 Pro should be kept at least 25 mm away from an AIMD to protect it from unwanted EMI interactions. Our study addresses safety concerns due to potential device–device interactions between smartphones and AIMDs and will help to define data-driven safety guidelines. We encourage vendors of electronic consumer products (ECP) to provide information on the magnetic fields of their products and advocate for the inclusion of smartphones in the risk assessment of EMI with AIMDs.

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