Magnetic mesoporous carbon material based electrochemical sensor for rapid detection of penicillin sodium in milk

Abstract

In recent years, to increase growth rate and prevent infectious diseases, an excessive use of antibiotics in livestock breeding processes has resulted in the presence of antibiotic residues in animal foods. In this experiment, a new kind of electrochemical sensor is prepared based on magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon microspheres (MHM) as a penicillinase (Pen X) adsorption carrier to rapidly detect penicillin sodium (Pen G), named Pen X/MHM/MGCE. The MHM‐adsorbed penicillinase can be separated from the solution by magnetic attraction and fixed on a magnetic glassy carbon electrode by physical adsorption, which is easy to operate and avoids the interference of a crosslinking agent at the active site of the enzyme. A differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method is used to immerse the working electrode in test samples containing different concentrations of penicillin sodium solution with 0.5 mg/mL oxidized hematoxylin. According to the quantitative relationship between the current value and the concentration of penicillin sodium, the concentration of penicillin sodium in the tested samples can be determined. The detection range of the sensor is 10−8 to 10−2 mg/mL, the linear relationship is good (R2 = 0.9983), and the detection limit (LOD) is 2.655 × 10−7 mg/mL (S/N = 3). The detection of penicillin sodium in milk using a standard addition method shows good recovery. Furthermore, the proposed method has the advantages of a wide detection range, good enzyme immobilization capacity, good precision and stability, convenient cleaning, and recycling of solid materials. Thus, it can successfully achieve rapid detection in milk samples. Practical Application The sensor provides a low detection limit and high recovery rate of electrode material; therefore, the sensor can realize the rapid and quantitative detection of penicillin sodium in milk.

Selective Detection of Penicillin G Antibiotic in Milk by Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Plasmonic SPR Sensor

“…In another study, a novel sensor based on a carbo ionic liquid electrode and TiO 2 Nano-Particles (NPs)/Ionic Liquid (IL) (octylpyridinium iodide) was developed for the sensitive determination of PENG with 2.09 nM detection value [ 38 ]. Wang and coworkers designed a novel kind of electrochemical sensor based on magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon microspheres (MHMs) as a Pen X adsorption carrier for rapid detection of penicillin sodium, and 2.655 × 10 −7 mg/mL detection value was reported [ 49 ]. In other studies, beta-lactam antibiotics penicillin was used as a conjugated antibody with gold nanoparticles.…”

Development of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer‐Based Optical Sensor for the Sensitive Penicillin G Detection in Milk

“…[18] A new kind of electrochemical sensor based on magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon microspheres (MHM) as a Pen X adsorption carrier was prepared to rapidly detect penicillin sodium by Wang and coworkers. [19] A folding-type electrochemical aptasensor was developed for the quantitative detection of Pen-G residue in milk by Yu et al. [20] A specific electrochemical receptor sensor based on the graphene/thionine (GO/TH) composite was established by Wang et al and used for PEN-G detection in milk samples.…”

“…Affinity supports for selective recognition of PENÀ G are of great importance in the field of biotechnology. MAPA which is bound to PENÀ G molecule with its numerous binding sites introduced by phenylalanine part provides higher sensitivity with lower detection limit to the PENÀ G imprinted MIP-AuNPs nanosensor compared to the other electrochemical sensors [15,16,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,28] have also been reported in the literature. Despite several relevant electrochemical sensors are having better [22,26] limit of detection values, MIP-AuNPs nanosensor showed lower detection limit values when compared to the optic-based sensors (Table 4).…”

“…[11][12][13] Sensors are analytical devices that have a combination of simple and convenient converter receptors containing biological recognition elements. [14] In the last years, electrochemical [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and optical sensors based on fluorometric and colorimetric measurements [30][31][32][33] have been used for the estimation of penicillin antibiotics due to their high reactivity and selectivity. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an optical technique based on the intensity of reflected light in a prism covered with a thin metal film.…”