Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates of Dementia in Multiple Sclerosis

Huber, Steven J.; Paulson, George W.; Shuttleworth, Edwin C.; Chakeres, Donald W.; Clapp, Lawrence E.; Pakalnis, Ann; Weiss, Kenneth L.; Rammohan, Kottil

doi:10.1001/archneur.1987.00520190040015

Cited by 159 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Huber et al [8] supported that generalized cerebral atrophy was not sig nificantly greater in demented compared with nondemented patients and Rao et al [7] reported that the size of the Illrd ventricle was the best indicator of intellectual deterioration in MS patients (table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…No similar studies have been reported. Some support that atrophy of corpus callosum is signifi cantly more extensive on MR1 scans in demented patients [8] or callosal atrophy can be fairly correlated with mental changes in a neuropathological study [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reischies et al [30] support that periventricular (corona radiata) and frontal lesions seem to be the most important lesions for the psychologic symptoms of pa tients with MS suffering from acute exacerbations. Brainin et al [8] reported that all patients with severely impaired memory functions showed bilateral lesions in the medial temporal lobe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of previous studies may have overrated the incidence of cognitive impairment in MS because the involved patients included referrals for neu ropsychological examinations, presumably because of suspected intellectual disturbances [1], Accepted: August 18. 1993 Since the first report of the superiority of magnetic res onance imaging (MRI) as compared to computerized tomography (CT) to demonstrate the localized demyelinating lesions of the brain in MS patients [6], MRI has also become the preferred technique for the study of neu ropsychological impairment in MS. As far as atrophic changes of the brain are concerned, enlargement of the third ventricle as seen with CT was the best indicator of intellectual deterioration in MS patients [7], Atrophy of the corpus callosum is the most sensitive MRI indicator of dementia in MS [8], a finding that is consistent with an autopsy study where it was observed that patients with a history of intellectual impairment manifested severe atrophy of the corpus callosum [9], Brainin et al [10] reported that all patients with severely impaired memory functions showed bilateral lesions in the medial temporal lobe. Also the periventricular and nonperiventricular frontal lesions seem to be more impor tant for psychologic symptoms [5], Patients who were impaired on Neuropsychological Battery (NSB) testing (demented patients) had a significantly higher bihemispheric lesion score than those who were unimpaired [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of Dementia, Neuropsychological and MRI Findings in Multiple Sclerosis

Tsolaki

Drevelegas²,

Karachristianou³

et al. 1994

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Twenty patients diagnosed as having multiple sclerosis (MS) were examined by MRI and 9 neuropsychological scales: MMSE, BCRS, RMB, SDMT, BNT, VM, FAS, Benton and Hamilton. The number and distribution of the lesions, and cerebral and corpus callosum atrophy were evaluated by MRI. MR images were generated by a 0.5 Tesla instrument utilizing T1WI, PD and T2WI imaging techniques. The results reveal (1) that patients with MS are impaired in a broad range of cognitive functions but mainly memory is affected; (2) number of lesions in the corona radiata, insula and hippocampus is correlated with cognitive impairment, and (3) enlargement of the IIIrd ventricle is an indicator of memory impairment in MS patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Correlation of Dementia, Neuropsychological and MRI Findings in Multiple Sclerosis

Tsolaki

Drevelegas²,

Karachristianou³

et al. 1994

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…48 - 49 Thus, the presence of callosal atrophy as well as white matter lesions on MRI should alert physicians to the possibility of dementia, especially in patients with lesions in the deep white matter.…”

Section: Examples Of Atrophy Of Corpus Callosum On Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

A radiologic study of dynamic processes in lacunar dementia.

Tanaka

Mizuno

et al. 1989

Stroke

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Using magnetic resonance imaging and digitized brain computed tomography, we evaluated 33 elderly patients with documented lacunar stroke and divided them into three groups (nondemented, « = 15; borderline, ra=9; and demented, n=9) by neuropsychological assessments and DSM III criteria. We evaluated the extent of white matter lesions and the degree of atrophy of specific anatomic structures, such as the corpus callosum, using magnetic resonance imaging and quantified the volumes of the ventricles, the subarachnoid spaces, and the brain parenchyma using digitized brain computed tomography. Our results show that both borderline and demented patients had significantly more extensive white matter lesions than nondemented patients, indicating a significant relation between the extent of white matter lesions and intellectual decline. In addition, borderline and demented patients had significantly larger ventricles and more brain atrophy than nondemented patients; demented patients also had significantly larger subarachnoid spaces than nondemented patients and more brain atrophy than borderline patients. Our findings suggest that in most patients with lacunar stroke, periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions with subsequent white matter atrophy first induce ventricular enlargement, followed by generalized brain atrophy, resulting in dementia. (Stroke 1989;20:1488-1493 V ascular dementia and dementia of the Alzheimer type are two main types of dementia. Vascular dementia can be divided into three major subgroups: multiple discrete strokes following thrombotic or embolic occlusion of large cerebral arteries (multi-infarct dementia) 1 -2

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Multiple Sclerosis

Khoury¹,

Weiner²

1998

Arch Intern Med

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We review studies that have examined the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical disability, postmortem observations, and cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis. We also review the use of magnetic resonance imaging findings as an outcome measure in clinical trials assessing the efficacy of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. More advanced applications of magnetic resonance imaging and their use in multiple sclerosis is addressed later in the article.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates of Dementia in Multiple Sclerosis

Cited by 159 publications

References 33 publications

Correlation of Dementia, Neuropsychological and MRI Findings in Multiple Sclerosis

Correlation of Dementia, Neuropsychological and MRI Findings in Multiple Sclerosis

A radiologic study of dynamic processes in lacunar dementia.

Multiple Sclerosis

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