Mainstreaming Urban Metabolism

Kennedy, Christopher; Hoornweg, Daniel

doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00548.x

Cited by 162 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…UM in its historical usage is explicitly not a "virtual" or LCA analysis, and deals with physical flows. An important and omnipresent hindrance to UM studies, including expanding their scope, is the limitations in data availability [8,24,90,165]. For instance, Kennedy et al [166] compared eight different UM studies to identify trends across time and found limitations due to the different types of data and approaches used.…”

Section: Urban Metabolism and Water Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…through an urban boundary, including waste-related flows [24,160]. The aim of UM is often to identify and characterize trends and patterns in these material flows to formulate and design more efficient urban systems as well as to better integrate social and environmental concerns into urban planning [161].…”

Section: Urban Metabolism and Water Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is further compounded by the environmental degradation that can result from aging and/or inadequate water infrastructure in cities [11][12][13][14]. Thus, it is becoming increasingly clear that cities hold the key to achieving sustainability targets because of their potential to address, and have an impact on global issues revolving around climate change [15][16][17], biodiversity loss [18][19][20], and water resources [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the use of city indicators to track and characterize flows and states could contribute to representing the connections (networks) among cities as well as with the global economy [24]. A variety of sustainability indicators have been proposed and implemented (see, e.g., [32] and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To track the trajectory and assess the resilience of pathways toward urban sustainability goals, there is a growing need to define and quantify flexible indicators and common standards for cities, both to account for their unique conditions and for comparable results [18,23,24,[27][28][29][30][31]. In addition, the use of city indicators to track and characterize flows and states could contribute to representing the connections (networks) among cities as well as with the global economy [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Water Footprint of Cities: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research

et al. 2015

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Cities are hotspots of commodity consumption, with implications for both local and systemic water resources. Water flows "virtually" into and out of cities through the extensive cross-boundary exchange of goods and services. Both virtual and real water flows are affected by water supply investments and urban planning decisions, which influence residential, commercial, and industrial development. This form of water "teleconnection" is being increasingly recognized as an important aspect of water decision-making. The role of trade and virtual water flows as an alternative to expanding a city's "real" water supply is rarely acknowledged, with an emphasis placed instead on monotonic expansion of engineering potable water supplies. We perform a literature review of water footprint studies to evaluate OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 8462 the potential and importance of taking virtual flows into account in urban planning and policy. We compare and contrast current methods to assess virtual water flows. We also identify and discuss priorities for future research in urban water footprint analysis.

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Section: Urban Metabolism and Water Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urban Metabolism and Water Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Footprint of Cities: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research

et al. 2015

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The State of U.S. Urban Water: Data and the Energy‐Water Nexus

Chini

Stillwell

2018

Water Resources Research

124

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Data on urban water resources are scarce, despite a majority of the U.S. population residing in urban environments. Further, information on the energy required to facilitate the treatment, distribution, and collection of urban water are even more limited. In this study, we evaluate the energy‐for‐water component of the energy‐water nexus by providing and analyzing a unique primary database consisting of drinking water and wastewater utility flows and energy. These anthropogenic fluxes of water through the urban environment are used to assess the state of the U.S. urban energy‐water nexus at over 160 utilities. The average daily per person water flux is estimated at 560 L of drinking water and 500 L of wastewater. Drinking water and wastewater utilities require 340 kWh/1,000 m3 and 430 kWh/1,000 m3 of energy, respectively, to treat these resources. The total national energy demand for water utilities accounts for 1.0% of the total annual electricity consumption of the United States. Additionally, the water and embedded energy loss associated with non‐revenue water accounts for 9.1 × 109 m3 of water and 3,100 GWh, enough electricity to power 300,000 U.S. households annually. Finally, the water flux and embedded energy fluctuated monthly in many cities. As the nation's water resources become increasingly scarce and unpredictable, it is essential to have a set of empirical data for continuous evaluation and updates on the state of the U.S. urban energy‐water nexus.

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Smart Manufacturing for Smart Cities—Overview, Insights, and Future Directions

Suvarna

Büth

Hejny

et al. 2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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According to statistics provided by the UN in 2018, the global urban population rose from 0.75 billion in 1950 to 4.2 billion by 2018, a 5.5-fold increase in nearly seven decades. Currently, this 4.2 billion urban population accounts for 55% of the current global population, and given the trend, the global urban population is expected to touch 68% of total population by 2050. [1,2] To keep abreast with this growing shift toward urbanization, the last decade witnessed a multitude of global projects across the USA, EU, Asia Pacific, and Middle East regions to cater to the needs of a futuristic urban population through the concept of "smart cities." [3,4] Some of the popular programs include Smart Cities Initiatives by the USA, [5] EU H2020 Smart Cities and Communities project, [6] Smart Nation Program by Singapore, [7] Global Initiative for Resource Efficient Cities (GI-REC) by UN, [8] etc., to mention a few. Existing literature shows that there is no single or standardized definition to the concept of a smart city. [9] However, the central theme usually revolves around the application of information and digital technologies to provide intelligent and innovative solutions to the demanding requirements of an urban ecosystem including infrastructure, transport, healthcare, governance, and security. [2,10] The overall essence and motivation of a smart city is to facilitate the highest quality of life to its residents, while simultaneously optimizing the resources and energy efficiency, aiding the overall sustainability, social, and economic development of the city. Given the fact that the concept of smart cities is constantly evolving, devising a single template to describe the various characteristic features of a smart city can be a challenging task. [9] However, notable efforts have been made to determine and define a few salient features or indices of a smart city, published by research organizations as well as by consulting firms. [11] Both types of reports present commonalities in terms of indices, which are integral to smart cities and hence enable their acceptance with a degree of confidence. Some of the most notable and cited reports include Cities in Motion Index by IESE, [12] Smart Cities Ranking by Juniper Research, [13] Top 50 Smart City

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Mainstreaming Urban Metabolism

Cited by 162 publications

References 6 publications

Water Footprint of Cities: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research

Water Footprint of Cities: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research

The State of U.S. Urban Water: Data and the Energy‐Water Nexus

Smart Manufacturing for Smart Cities—Overview, Insights, and Future Directions

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