Maintenance Azacitidine after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Relapse Prevention in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Maintenance With Hypomethylating Agents After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The OS of the HMA group was superior to that of the observation group, with a pooled RR of 1.38 (95% CI, 1.19–1.60; I 2 , 50%; Figure 2A ) ( 14 – 22 , 24 , 28 , 29 ). Similarly, a pooled meta-analysis found that the RFS was significantly better in patients who received HMAs, with a pooled RR of 1.46 (95% CI, 1.31–1.62; I 2 , 0%; Figure 2B ) ( 15 , 16 , 18 – 21 , 24 , 27 , 29 ). The patients receiving HMAs also had a lower NRM than those under observation (pooled RR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.19–0.66; I 2 , 0%; Figure 3A ) ( 14 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 28 ).…”

“…The OS, RFS and NRM outcomes of the azacitidine group were significantly better than those of the observation group ( Figures 2 , 3 ) ( 14 , 16 – 20 , 22 , 28 ). Likewise, the decitabine arm had superior OS, RFS and CIR outcomes to those of the observation arm ( Figures 2 , 3 ) ( 21 , 24 , 29 ). The incidence of grades III–IV acute GVHD and chronic GVHD in patients who received azacitidine were similar to those under observation ( Figure 4 ) ( 14 , 16 , 22 , 25 ).…”

“…The patients receiving HMAs also had a lower NRM than those under observation (pooled RR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.19–0.66; I 2 , 0%; Figure 3A ) ( 14 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 28 ). Furthermore, the CIR was significantly higher for the observed patients (pooled RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50–0.95; I 2 , 67%; Figure 3B ) ( 14 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 ). However, the incidences of grades III–IV acute GVHD and chronic GVHD of the groups did not differ [pooled RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.30–2.60; I 2 , 604% (14, 17, 22, 24, 25); and pooled RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.58–1.23; I 2 , 65% (22, 24, 25, 29); Figures 4A,B , respectively].…”

“…The OS rates were reported as a 1-year rate in three studies ( 15 – 17 ), a 2-year rate in six studies ( 19 – 22 , 28 , 29 ), and a 3-year rate in three studies ( 14 , 18 , 24 ). The RFS rates were reported as a 1-year rate in two studies ( 15 , 16 ), a 2-year rate in five studies ( 19 – 21 , 27 , 29 ), and a 3-year rate in two studies ( 18 , 24 ). The OS of the HMA group was superior to that of the observation group, with a pooled RR of 1.38 (95% CI, 1.19–1.60; I 2 , 50%; Figure 2A ) ( 14 – 22 , 24 , 28 , 29 ).…”