Maintenance of Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Betasatellite by Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus—Analysis by Mutation

Iqbal, Zafar; Shafiq, Muhammad; Ali, Irfan; Mansoor, Shahid; Briddon, R. W.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.02208

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…This feature hinders trying to address the identification of deltasatellite motifs/sequences involved in the interaction with their helper viruses and pathogenesis. Anyhow, mutation studies similar to those successfully performed with betasatellites [ 54 , 55 ] could help to decipher how deltasatellites are able to be transreplicated by different helper geminivirids and whether any of the hypotheses proposed for betasatellite-begomovirus recognition, the “universal Rep” hypothesis or the “universal iteron” hypothesis” [ 56 ], could also be applied to these small non-coding DNA molecules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Complexity of Sweepovirus-Deltasatellite–Plant Host Interactions: Expanded Natural and Experimental Helper Virus Range and Effect Dependence on Virus-Host Combination

et al. 2021

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Sweepoviruses are begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) with ssDNA genomes infecting sweet potato and other species of the family Convolvulaceae. Deltasatellites (genus Deltasatellite, family Tolecusatellitidae) are small-size non-coding DNA satellites associated with begomoviruses. In this study, the genetic diversity of deltasatellites associated with sweepoviruses infecting Ipomoea indica plants was analyzed by further sampling the populations where the deltasatellite sweet potato leaf curl deltasatellite 1 (SPLCD1) was initially found, expanding the search to other geographical areas in southern continental Spain and the Canary Islands. The sweepoviruses present in the samples coinfected with deltasatellites were also fully characterized by sequencing in order to define the range of viruses that could act as helper viruses in nature. Additionally, experiments were performed to assess the ability of a number of geminivirids (the monopartite tomato leaf deformation virus and the bipartite NW begomovirus Sida golden yellow vein virus, the bipartite OW begomovirus tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, and the curtovirus beet curly top virus) to transreplicate SPLCD1 in their natural plant hosts or the experimental host Nicotiana benthamiana. The results show that SPLCD1 can be transreplicated by all the geminivirids assayed in N. benthamiana and by tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in zucchini. The presence of SPLCD1 did not affect the symptomatology caused by the helper viruses, and its effect on viral DNA accumulation depended on the helper virus–host plant combination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Complexity of Sweepovirus-Deltasatellite–Plant Host Interactions: Expanded Natural and Experimental Helper Virus Range and Effect Dependence on Virus-Host Combination

et al. 2021

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“…Certainly the efficient spread (infectivity) of the DNA A component in the presence of the betasatellite supports this. Betasatellites have previously been shown to complement DNA B functions suggesting that the only protein encoded by betasatellites, βC1, has movement functions 50–52 . However, the demonstration that βC1has suppressor of both post-transcriptional and transcriptional gene silencing 17 may indicate that rather than providing movement functions, betasatellites instead overcome a host resistance to movement based on gene silencing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the likely effects and stability of the TYLCV/ToLCB-MYMIV interaction are less clear. Previous studies of the interaction of bipartite begomoviruses with betasatellites has suggested that these might not be stable, either because of a conflict between the betasatellite and the DNA B 51 or due to a conflict between the virus encoded coat protein and the betasatellite 52 . Whether the TYLCV/ToLCB-MYMIV co-infection will prove to be stable in the field is unclear, although the low levels of MYMIV components detected in tomato in the field and by agroinoculation would suggest not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent occurrence of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in tomato leaf curl disease affected tomato in Oman

Shahid

Shafiq

Ilyas

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Next generation sequencing (NGS) of DNAs amplified by rolling circle amplification from 6 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with leaf curl symptoms identified a number of monopartite begomoviruses, including Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), and a betasatellite (Tomato leaf curl betasatellite [ToLCB]). Both TYLCV and ToLCB have previously been identified infecting tomato in Oman. Surprisingly the NGS results also suggested the presence of the bipartite, legume-adapted begomovirus Mungbean yellow mosaic Indian virus (MYMIV). The presence of MYMIV was confirmed by cloning and Sanger sequencing from four of the six plants. A wider analysis by PCR showed MYMIV infection of tomato in Oman to be widespread. Inoculation of plants with full-length clones showed the host range of MYMIV not to extend to Nicotiana benthamiana or tomato. Inoculation to N. benthamiana showed TYLCV to be capable of maintaining MYMIV in both the presence and absence of the betasatellite. In tomato MYMIV was only maintained by TYLCV in the presence of the betasatellite and then only at low titre and efficiency. This is the first identification of TYLCV with ToLCB and the legume adapted bipartite begomovirus MYMIV co-infecting tomato. This finding has far reaching implications. TYLCV has spread around the World from its origins in the Mediterranean/Middle East, in some instances, in live tomato planting material. The results here may suggest that begomoviruses which do not commonly infect tomato, such as MYMIV, could be spread as a passenger of TYLCV in tomato.

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“…There is one significant difference between these two viruses which might be responsible for the poorer resistance to CLCuKoV than CLCuKoV-Bu. CLCuKoV-Bu associated with resistance breaking in cotton across Pakistan and northwestern India is the only begomovirus known to lack an intact TrAP-encoding gene (Amrao et al, 2010) that has been found to be important in maintenance of betasatellite (Iqbal et al, 2017). Although one might think that a virus lacking a full TrAP might be impaired, CLCuKoV-Bu is nevertheless infectious (Amrao et al, 2010;Rajagopalan et al, 2012;Zaffalon et al, 2012) and present across a large area of southern Asia (Amrao et al, 2010;Rajagopalan et al, 2012;Zaffalon et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antisense 5' end of the V2 gene confers enhanced resistance against the monopartite begomovirus cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain

Ali¹,

Khurshid²,

Iqbal³

et al. 2019

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Whitefly-transmitted viruses of the genus Begomovirus (the family Geminiviridae) have become a limiting factor for agricultural productivity in many warmer parts of the world. The economies of Pakistan and India have, since the early 1990s, suffered losses due to cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD). The disease is caused by begomoviruses, the most important of which at this time is cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus strain Burewala (CLCuKoV-Bu), and a disease-specific betasatellite, cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB). Efforts to minimize losses due to CLCuD rely mainly on the use of insecticides to kill the whitefly vector; no resistant cotton varieties are currently commercially available. The study described here has investigated RNA interference technology for its potential to yield resistance against CLCuKoV-Bu and three other begomoviruses; CLCuKoV, tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and Pedilanthus leaf curl virus (PeLCV). Three fragments of the virion-sense V2 gene of CLCuKoV-Bu were transformed into Nicotiana benthamiana in antisense orientation and transgenic lines expressing virus-specific short RNAs were assessed for their ability to yield resistance. Only CLCuKoV-Bu with the V2 sequence closest to the promoter was resistant. Inoculation of CLCuKoV-Bu with CLCuMuB into transgenic plants did not significantly affect the outcome, although viral DNA was detected in number of plants, suggesting that the betasatellite may impair RNAi resistance. Overall the results indicate that targeting the 5' end of V2 gene using antisense-RNA has the potential to deliver resistance against begomoviruses and that RNAi-based resistance imparts some degree of resistance to heterologous viruses.

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Maintenance of Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Betasatellite by Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus—Analysis by Mutation

Cited by 20 publications

References 108 publications

Revealing the Complexity of Sweepovirus-Deltasatellite–Plant Host Interactions: Expanded Natural and Experimental Helper Virus Range and Effect Dependence on Virus-Host Combination

Revealing the Complexity of Sweepovirus-Deltasatellite–Plant Host Interactions: Expanded Natural and Experimental Helper Virus Range and Effect Dependence on Virus-Host Combination

Frequent occurrence of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in tomato leaf curl disease affected tomato in Oman

The antisense 5' end of the V2 gene confers enhanced resistance against the monopartite begomovirus cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain

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