Maintenance of real objects and their verbal designations in working memory

Kaiser, Stefan; Kopka, Marie-Luise; Rentrop, Mirjam; Walther, Stephan; Kronmüller, Klaus; Olbrich, Robert; Weisbrod, Matthias; Stippich, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2009.11.045

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For OWM, ESs recruited a bilateral frontoparietal network, including the middle, superior, and inferior frontal gyri, premotor cortex, and superior and inferior parietal lobes. There were also selective activations in the left temporal pole, a region implicated in representation of visual objects [ 57 ], and in the bilateral precuneus found by Kaiser et al (2010), activated during the use of mental imagery strategy in OWM tasks [ 58 ]. IPD showed smaller activation foci in a comparable bilateral neural system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neural Correlates of Spatial and Object Working Memory in Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease Subjects

Caminiti¹,

Siri

Antonini³

et al. 2015

Behavioural Neurology

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This fMRI study deals with the neural correlates of spatial and objects working memory (SWM and OWM) in elderly subjects (ESs) and idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Normal aging and IPD can be associated with a WM decline. In IPD population, some studies reported similar SWM and OWM deficits; others reported a greater SWM than OWM impairment. In the present fMRI research, we investigated whether compensated IPD patients and elderly subjects with comparable performance during the execution of SWM and OWM tasks would present differences in WM-related brain activations. We found that the two groups recruited a prevalent left frontoparietal network when performing the SWM task and a bilateral network during OWM task execution. More specifically, the ESs showed bilateral frontal and subcortical activations in SWM, at difference with the IPD patients who showed a strict left lateralized network, consistent with frontostriatal degeneration in IPD. The overall brain activation in the IPD group was more extended as number of voxels with respect to ESs, suggesting underlying compensatory mechanisms. In conclusion, notwithstanding comparable WM performance, the two groups showed consistencies and differences in the WM activated networks. The latter underline the compensatory processes of normal typical and pathological aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neural Correlates of Spatial and Object Working Memory in Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease Subjects

Caminiti¹,

Siri

Antonini³

et al. 2015

Behavioural Neurology

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“…VLPFC, DLPFC (e.g., Owen et al, 1996;Toepper et al, 2010) Visual and motor processing, sequencing Loads on latent variable with other visual memory tasks (Robbins et al, 1994). VLPFC, DLPFC, ACC (e.g., Kaiser et al, 2010;Schon et al, 2009) Visual processing…”

Section: Visuospatial Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Major depressive disorder is associated with broad impairments on neuropsychological measures of executive function: A meta-analysis and review.

Snyder¹

2013

Psychological Bulletin

1,332

984

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Cognitive impairments are now widely acknowledged as an important aspect of major depressive disorder (MDD), and it has been proposed that executive function (EF) may be particularly impaired in patients with MDD. However, the existence and nature of EF impairments associated with depression remain strongly debated. While many studies have found significant deficits associated with MDD on neuropsychological measures of EF, others have not, potentially due to low statistical power, task impurity, and diverse patient samples, and there have been no recent, comprehensive, meta-analyses investigating EF in patients with MDD. The current meta-analysis uses random effects models to synthesize 113 previous research studies that compared participants with MDD to healthy control participants on at least one neuropsychological measure of EF. Results of the meta-analysis demonstrate that MDD is reliably associated with impaired performance on neuropsychological measures of EF, with effect sizes ranging from d = 0.32–0.97. While patients with MDD also have slower processing speed, motor slowing alone cannot account for these results. In addition, some evidence suggests that deficits on neuropsychological measures of EF are greater in patients with more severe current depression symptoms, and those taking psychotropic medications, while evidence for effects of age was weaker. The results are consistent with the theory that MDD is associated with broad impairment in multiple aspects of EF. Implications for treatment of MDD and theories of EF are discussed. Future research is needed to establish the specificity and causal link between MDD and EF impairments.

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“…3), in relation to longer HIV duration using regression analysis. The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is responsible for extensive cognitive function including long-term and working memory [30], awareness [31] and language sequencing [32] all of which may contribute to the impaired neuropsychological profile found in patients with HAND. Bilateral prefrontal gray matter loss correlating with neuropsychological impairment was reported in a previous morphometric study in HIV patients [8] and a significant asymmetry for glucose utilization within prefrontal areas was reported in a positron emission tomography (PET) study [33].…”

Section: Disease Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural gray and white matter changes in patients with HIV

et al. 2011

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In this cross-sectional study we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based voxel based morphometry (VBM) in a sample of HIV positive patients to detect structural gray and white matter changes. Forty-eight HIV positive subjects with (n = 28) or without (n = 20) cognitive deficits (mean age 48.5 ± 9.6 years) and 48 age- and sex-matched HIV negative controls underwent MRI for VBM analyses. Clinical testing in HIV patients included the HIV dementia scale (HDS), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the grooved pegboard test. Comparing controls with HIV positive patients with cognitive dysfunction (n = 28) VBM showed gray matter decrease in the anterior cingulate and temporal cortices along with white matter reduction in the midbrain region. These changes were more prominent with increasing cognitive decline, when assigning HIV patients to three cognitive groups (not impaired, mildly impaired, overtly impaired) based on performance in the HIV dementia scale. Regression analysis including all HIV positive patients with available data revealed that prefrontal gray matter atrophy in HIV was associated with longer disease duration (n = 48), while motor dysfunction (n = 48) was associated with basal ganglia gray matter atrophy. Lower CD4 cell count (n = 47) correlated with decrease of occipital gray matter. Our results provide evidence for atrophy of nigro-striatal and fronto-striatal circuits in HIV. This pattern of atrophy is consistent with motor dysfunction and dysexecutive syndrome found in HIV patients with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.

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Maintenance of real objects and their verbal designations in working memory

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

The Neural Correlates of Spatial and Object Working Memory in Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease Subjects

The Neural Correlates of Spatial and Object Working Memory in Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease Subjects

Major depressive disorder is associated with broad impairments on neuropsychological measures of executive function: A meta-analysis and review.

Structural gray and white matter changes in patients with HIV

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