Major histocompatibility complex class I-associated vaccine protection from simian immunodeficiency virus-infected peripheral blood cells.

Abstract

Sllml-nal'yTo evaluate the effectiveness of vaccine protection from infected cells from another individual of the same species, vaccinated rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were challenged with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from another animal diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Half of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-vaccinated animals challenged were protected, whereas unprotected vaccinates progressed as rapidly to AIDS. Protection was unrelated to either total antibody titers to human cells, used in the production of the vaccine, to HLA antibodies or to virus neutralizing activity. However, analysis of the serotype of each animal revealed that all animals protected against cell-associated virus challenge were those which were SIV vaccinated and which shared a particular major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I allele (Mamu-A26) with the donor of the infected cells. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for SIV envelope protein were detected in three of four protected animals vs. one of four unprotected animals, suggesting a possible role of MHC class I-restricted CTL in protection from infected blood cells. These findings have possible implications for the design of vaccines for intracellular pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Qualitative T-Helper Responses to Multiple Viral Antigens Correlate with Vaccine-Induced Immunity to Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

“…Two weeks after the last immunization, the numbers of cells producing IFN-␥ in response to peptide stimulation were quantified. The cells were exposed to peptides ( To confirm peptide-specific IFN-␥ ELIspot responses prior to challenge, functional CTL activity after challenge was measured in all animals that controlled the virus load by performing classical 51 Cr release assays with peptide-pulsed autologous B cells as targets, as previously described (30,43). Pools of 20-mers with a 10-aa overlap of SIV mac251 Gag (MRC, ARP-714.…”

Immunization of Cats against Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) Infection by Using Minimalistic Immunogenic Defined Gene Expression Vector Vaccines Expressing FIV gp140 Alone or with Feline Interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-16, or a CpG Motif

“…Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a pivotal role in controlling HIV infection in seronegative infants born to seropositive mothers (38,61), individuals who have been repeatedly exposed but remain uninfected (5,6,62), and people with long-term asymptomatic HIV infections (9,10,70). A decline in CTL activity has a close temporal association with progression to AIDS, and studies with whole inactivated virus (31) or recombinant vaccinia virus vaccines (27) have shown an inverse correlation between CTL precursor frequencies and virus load after challenge. In addition to cytotoxic effects, CD8…”

Unprecedented Polymorphism of Mhc-DRB Region Configurations in Rhesus Macaques

“…R hesus macaques are used as preclinical models for human infectious diseases (AIDS) and chronic disorders (multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis) and for transplantation biology (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The MHC gene products play a key role in adaptive immunology, and two classes are distinguished, namely, class I and class II.…”