Major Ozonated Autohemotherapy Preconditioning Ameliorates Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Abstract

Medical ozone has therapeutic properties as an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, modulator of antioxidant defense system. Major ozonated autohemotherapy (MOA) is a new therapeutic approach that is widely used in the treatment of many diseases. The objective of the present study was to determine whether preischemic application of MOA would attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rabbits. Twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups, each including six animals: (1) Sham-operated group, (2) Ozone group (the MOA group without IRI), (3) IR group (60 min ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion), and (4) IR + MOA group (MOA group). The effects of MOA were examined by use of hematologic and biochemical parameters consisting of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). In addition, the histopathological changes including the tubular brush border loss (TBBL), tubular cast (TC), tubular necrosis (TN), intertubular hemorrhage and congestion (IHC), dilatation of bowman space (DBS), and interstitial inflammatory cells infiltration (IECI) were evaluated. In the IR group, compared to the Sham group, biochemical parameters indicating oxidative stress, NLR, IL-6, TNF-α, IMA, TOS, and OSI have increased. MOA reduced inflammation and oxidative stress parameters. Although TAS values have decreased in the IR group and increased in the MOA-pretreated group, no significant changes in TAS values were detected between the IR and MOA groups. The total score was obtained by summing all the scores from morphological kidney damage markers. The total score has increased with IR damage when compared with the Sham group (13.83 ± 4.30 vs 1.51 ± 1.71; p = 0.002). But, the total score has decreased significantly after application of MOA (5.01 ± 1.49; p = 0.002; compared with the IR group). MOA preconditioning is effective in reducing tissue damage induced in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. The protective effect of MOA is mediated via reducing inflammatory response and regulating of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Renal histology also showed convincing evidence regarding MOA's protective nature against kidney injury induced renal ischemia-reperfusion. Consequently, MOA might be helpful in protecting the kidneys from IR-induced damage in humans, probably through the anti-inflammatory effect and reducing the total oxidant status.

The Novel Relationship between Urban Air Pollution and Epilepsy: A Time Series Study

“…With the development of clinical applications, reasonability and effectiveness of O 3 therapy are gradually being understood [26]. Medical O 3 , a gas mixture of O 3 and O 2 , has been used as a curative agent for the treatment of different diseases over 150 years [27]. For mechanisms, O 3 has therapeutic properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, modulation of antioxidant defense system and apoptosis [27].…”

“…Medical O 3 , a gas mixture of O 3 and O 2 , has been used as a curative agent for the treatment of different diseases over 150 years [27]. For mechanisms, O 3 has therapeutic properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, modulation of antioxidant defense system and apoptosis [27]. By using O 2 /O 3 mixture to re-infusion of autologous blood slowly, ozonated autohemotherapy (OA) has favorable effects on nervous systems diseases, such as neurologic recovery in spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma [28] and antidepressant effect [29].…”

Ozone Therapy Attenuates NF-κB-Mediated Local Inflammatory Response and Activation of Th17 Cells in Treatment for Psoriasis

“…In addition to ozonated water and oil, ozone autohemotherapy and ozone gas cavity/acupoint injection have also been reported to improve the body's antioxidant capacity and regulate inflammation [54][55][56]. Whether these treatments can be used for psoriasis has yet to be determined.…”

Attenuation of partial unilateral ureteral obstruction – induced renal damage with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a rat model

“…Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-schiff (PAS), examined with a Nikon 50i photomicroscope, and photographed with a microscope-connected camera system and APR 50 photos elementary program. Taking into account previous studies, the sections were evaluated and scored for tubular dilatation (TD), interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration (IICI), intertubular hemorrhage and congestion (IHC), interstitial fibrosis (IF), and tubular cast (TC) ( 13 ). Tissue damage scores were no visible change [0], minimal or slight change [1], moderate change [2], and severe change [3].…”