Malaria : A General Minireview with Reference to Egypt

Abstract

The majority of world's population-live in areas at risk of malaria transmission. Malaria is a serious Anopheles-borne disease that causes symptoms like the flu, as a high fever, chills, and muscle pain also, anemia, bloody stools, coma, convulsion, fever, headache, jaundice, nausea, sweating and vomiting. Symptoms tend to come and go in cycles. Apart from Anopheles vector, malaria could be transmitted nosocomial, blood transfusion or needle-stick injury Some types of malaria may cause more serious damage problems to heart, lungs, kidneys, or brain. These types can be deadly. The primary factors contributing to the resurgence of malaria are the appearance of drug-resistant strains of the parasite, the spread of insecticideresistant strains of the mosquito and the lack of licensed malaria vaccines of proven efficacy. In rare cases, people can get malaria if they come into contact with infected blood as in blood transfusion or needle-stick injury also nosocomial and congenital malaria was reported. This is a mini-review of malaria with information on the lethal to humans, Plasmodium falciparum, together with other recent developments in the field.

Biological Effects of Some Chitin Synthesis Inhibitors on Culex Pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…C. pipiens plays the main role in transmission of filariasis bancrofti as in Egypt (Harb et al, 1993) and Rift Valley Fever (El Gebaly, 1978), West Nile virus (Wilson, 1991), and Sindbis fever Egypt (Monath, 1991). Anopheles plays the main role in malaria transmission (Saleh et al, 2016). Aedes aegypti and dengue hemorrhagic was encountered in Egypt (Morsy, 2018).…”

A Mini Overview of Malaria in Pregnancy

“…Examination of blood smears by light microscopy also allows diagnosis of other infectious diseases such as filariasis, trypanosomiasis, Borrelia recurrentis, and babesiosis. (Saleh et al, 2016). Given the cyclic nature of malaria parasitemia, smears should be evaluated every 6-12 hours for 48 hours before ruled out diagnosis (White, 1996) as the first smear is positive in 95% of cases.…”

“…In Al Nazla A. sergeni and A. multicolor larvae were detected, but no case. Saleh et al (2016) in a mini-review of malaria mentioned that the majority of world's population-live in areas at risk of malaria transmission. Malaria is a serious Anopheles-borne disease that causes symptoms like the flu, as a high fever, chills, and muscle pain also, anemia, bloody stools, coma, convulsion, fever, headache, jaundice, nausea, sweating and vomiting.…”

A Training Program for Nursing Staff Regarding Blood Parasites Acquired by Needle Stick Injury in a Military Hospital

“…These zoonotic blood parasites are malaria In there is less awareness and knowledge about these diseases. These diseases were encountered in Egypt; malaria (Saleh et al, 2016) and its Anopheles vectors (El-Bahnasawy et al, 2011), babesiosis (Saleh et al, 2015a) and its tick vector (Morsy, 2012), toxoplasmosis (Saleh et al, 2014) and leishmaniasis (El-Bahnasawy et al, 2013) and its Phlebotomis vector (Saleh et al, 2015b).…”