Malaria prophylaxis approach during COVID-19 pandemic

Rodriguez-Valero, Natalia; Vera, Isabel; Torralvo, Montse Roldan; Alba, T. de; Ferrer, Elisabeth; Camprubí, Daniel; Almuedo-Riera, Alex; Gallego, Ruth; Muelas, Magdalena; Pinazo, María Jesús; Muñóz, José

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101716

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Alongside the increase in demand, shortages in the immediate supply may reduce their availability for use in malaria prevention and control, especially in low- and middle-income settings, which rely on international supply chains [ 83 , 84 ]. Importantly, resistance to CQ and HCQ has previously emerged, and further indiscriminate use due to COVID-19 may drive Plasmodium resistance in malaria-endemic areas and threaten malaria control [ 73 , 80 , 82 , 85 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and early response: A scoping review

et al. 2022

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Background COVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a global public health threat with infections recorded in nearly every country. Responses to COVID-19 have varied in intensity and breadth, but generally have included domestic and international travel limitations, closure of non-essential businesses, and repurposing of health services. While these interventions have focused on testing, treatment, and mitigation of COVID-19, there have been reports of interruptions to diagnostic, prevention, and treatment services for other public health threats. Objectives We conducted a scoping review to characterize the early impact of COVID-19 on HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition. Methods A scoping literature review was completed using searches of PubMed and preprint servers (medRxiv/bioRxiv) from November 1st, 2019 to October 31st, 2020, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms related to SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 and HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition. Empiric studies reporting original data collection or mathematical models were included, and available data synthesized by region. Studies were excluded if they were not written in English. Results A total of 1604 published papers and 205 preprints were retrieved in the search. Overall, 8.0% (129/1604) of published studies and 10.2% (21/205) of preprints met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review: 7.3% (68/931) on HIV, 7.1% (24/339) on tuberculosis, 11.6% (26/224) on malaria, 7.8% (19/183) on sexual and reproductive health, and 9.8% (13/132) on malnutrition. Thematic results were similar across competing health risks, with substantial indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response on diagnostic, prevention, and treatment services for HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition. Discussion COVID-19 emerged in the context of existing public health threats that result in millions of deaths every year. Thus, effectively responding to COVID-19 while minimizing the negative impacts of COVID-19 necessitates innovation and integration of existing programs that are often siloed across health systems. Inequities have been a consistent driver of existing health threats; COVID-19 has worsened disparities, reinforcing the need for programs that address structural risks. The data reviewed here suggest that effective strengthening of health systems should include investment and planning focused on ensuring the continuity of care for both rapidly emergent and existing public health threats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and early response: A scoping review

et al. 2022

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“…[84, 85] Importantly, resistance to CQ and HCQ has previously emerged, and further indiscriminate use due to COVID-19 may drive Plasmodium resistance in malaria-endemic areas and threaten the control of malaria. [74, 81, 83, 86]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing Health Risks Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Response: A Scoping Review

Baral

Rao

Rwema

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundCOVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a global public health threat with infections recorded in nearly every country. Responses to COVID-19 have varied in intensity and breadth, but generally have included domestic and international travel limitations, closure of non-essential businesses, and repurposing of health services. While these interventions have focused on testing, treatment, and mitigation of COVID-19, there have been reports of interruptions to diagnostic, prevention, and treatment services for other public health threats. We conducted a scoping review to characterize the impact of COVID-19 on HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition.MethodsA scoping literature review was completed using searches of PubMed and preprint servers (medRxiv/bioRxiv) from January 1st to October 31st, 2020, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms related to SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 and HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition. Empiric studies reporting original data collection and mathematical models were included, and available data synthesized by region. Studies were excluded if they were not written in English.ResultsA total of 1604 published papers and 205 preprints met inclusion criteria, including 8.2% (132/1604) of published studies and 10.2% (21/205) of preprints: 7.3% (68/931) on HIV, 7.1% (24/339) on tuberculosis, 11.6% (26/224) on malaria, 7.8% (13/166) on sexual and reproductive health, and 12.1% (16/132) on malnutrition. Thematic results were similar across competing health risks, with substantial indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response on diagnostic, prevention, and treatment services for HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition.DiscussionCOVID-19 emerged in the context of existing public health threats that result in millions of deaths every year. Thus, effectively responding to COVID-19 while minimizing the negative impacts of COVID-19 necessitates innovation and integration of existing programs that are often siloed across health systems. Inequities have been a consistent driver of existing health threats; COVID-19 has worsened disparities, reinforcing the need for programs that address structural risks. Data reviewed here suggest that effective strengthening of health systems should include investment in public health with adequate funding to ensure continuity of care for emergent and existing public health threats.

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“…A letter published on 29th April by a group of Spanish researchers, proposed hydroxychloroquine over chloroquine as a promising drug for the near future to deal with COVID-19 threats in travelers visiting the high-risk countries (Rodriguez-Valero et al, 2020).…”

Section: Research Letters Opinions and Viewpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of aminoquinolines as a prophylactic agent against COVID‑19 in frontline workers‑ A critical review

RASHMEE

2020

MNJR

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Emerging and reemerging pathogens are global challenges for public health. The infectious disease COVID‑19 caused by SARS‑ CoV‑2, a newly emerged beta coronavirus is spreading throughout the globe. There is currently no specific treatment nor a vaccine available for the disease, though the pandemic continues to grow, the scientific community is searching eagerly to employ a prophylactic drug that could decrease COVID‑19 spread. As chemoprophylaxis is an acceptable approach in mitigating infectious diseases, discovering an efficient chemoprophylactic agent could be one way to potentially control COVID‑19. There have been several existing drugs repurposing for the treatment and prevention of COVID‑19. Most research efforts are focused on the 4‑aminoquinoline derivative compounds hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ). A literature search was performed using Google Scholar and PUBMED to find articles about the role of CQ/HCQ as a prophylaxis to COVID‑19. In addition, a review of all the clinical trials registered in clinical trials.gov focusing on HCQ and its role as prophylaxis for COVID‑19 in frontline workers is also included in this review. A total of 59 publications are included, of these 24 are ongoing clinical trials, and 35 publications including pre‑clinical and clinical studies as well as systematic reviews, research letters/ correspondence, opinions, and viewpoints have been included, in the intention to outline the current evidence regarding the benefits and harms of using HCQ/CQ as a prophylactic for COVID‑19 in frontline workers, in addition, to provide an overall picture of the use of these drugs around the world, for this purpose. In conclusion, the literature does not yet present well‑designed clinical studies that demonstrate HCQ/COQ effectiveness in COVID‑19, However, we are in a race against time to find effective treatments and preventive measures against the growing pandemic, considering the repositioning drugs like 4‑aminoquinoline derivatives CQ and HCQ, that shows antiviral efficacy against SARS‑CoV‑2 , which are easily available, affordable, and have a good safety profile, in a resource‑poor country, like the Maldives, will benefit the healthcare system and augment the safety of frontline workers against COVID‑19.

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Malaria prophylaxis approach during COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Competing health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and early response: A scoping review

Competing health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and early response: A scoping review

Competing Health Risks Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Response: A Scoping Review

Use of aminoquinolines as a prophylactic agent against COVID‑19 in frontline workers‑ A critical review

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