Malathion toxicity: Skeletal deformities in zebrafish (<i>Brachydanio rerio</i>, cyprinidae)

Kumar, Kuldeep; Ansari, Badre Alam

doi:10.1002/ps.2780150203

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the effects of exposure to nanoparticles seem to be more puzzling as compared to the exposures to cholinergic toxicants, such as organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates (CBs), although in a certain measure they appear similar. Actually, some induced anomalies (smaller eyes, bend trunk, etc., as described by [54]) are very similar. Nevertheless, the occurrence of the anomalies is not dose dependent as in the case of exposure to organophosphorus compounds, such as chlorpirifos or diazinon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Effects of Nanosilver Exposure on Cholinesterase Activities, CD41, and CDF/LIF-Like Expression in ZebraFish (Danio rerio) Larvae

Myrzakhanova

Gambardella

Falugi

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Metal nanosolicoparticles are suspected to cause diseases in a number of organisms, including man. In this paper, we report the effects of nanosilver (Ag, 1–20 nm particles) on the early development of the zebrafish, a well-established vertebrate model. Embryos at the midgastrula stage were exposed to concentrations ranging from 100 to 0.001 mg/L to verify the effects on different endpoints: lethality, morphology, expression of cholinergic molecules, and development of the immune system. (1) Relative risk of mortality was exponential in the range between 0.001 and 10 mg/L. Exposure to 100 mg/L caused 100% death of embryos before reaching the tail-bud stage. (2) Developmental anomalies were present in the 72 h larvae obtained from embryos exposed to nanosilver: whole body length, decreased eye dimension, and slow response to solicitation by gentle touch with a needle tip, with a significant threshold at 0.1 mg/L. (3) Dose-dependent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity was significant among the exposures, except between 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L. (4) The distribution of CD41+ cells and of CDF/LIF-like immunoreactivity was altered according to the Ag concentration. The possible effect of nanosilver in impairing immune system differentiation through the inhibition of molecules related to the cholinergic system is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Effects of Nanosilver Exposure on Cholinesterase Activities, CD41, and CDF/LIF-Like Expression in ZebraFish (Danio rerio) Larvae

Myrzakhanova

Gambardella

Falugi

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…Frequently, organophosphorous contamination has been found in environments, elements of the food chain and humans (Rodrigues, 1994). These products enter water bodies as a consequence of rain and leaching from the soil (Kumar & Ansari, 1984), or because it is carelessly discharged directly into aquatic ecosystems. Therefore fish and other aquatic organisms may show its effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae

et al. 2006

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Toxicity tests using early life stages of fish are of great importance in assessing risks to growth, reproduction and survival in polluted environments and are important tools for good environmental monitoring. However, a small number of standard bioassays of this type have been developed in Brazil. Curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus) is an abundant South American characid fish of great commercial interest. It was chosen for testing different concentrations of 40% dimethoate, an organophosphate insecticide and acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitor used widely in Brazil. The 48-h LC 50 for eggs is higher than 16.0 µg.L -1 , whereas for recently hatched larvae it was found to be significantly lower (11.81 µg.L ) and also significantl y lower than that for eggs by a Student t-test for independent samples (p = 0.03). The 96-h LC 50 for 3-day old larvae was 10.44 µg.L -1 (8.03 µg.L -1 -13.57 µg.L -1 ), similar to that of recently-hatched larvae (p = 0.76). Larval mobility was also found to be reduced by this insecticide.Keywords: pesticide, toxicity, fishes, bioassay, larvae. resumo toxicidade do acaricida organofosforado dimetoato 40% aos ovos e larvas deProchilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, characiformes)Os testes de toxicidade com os primeiros estágios de vida de peixes são de elevada importância no que se refere ao comprometimento das fases de crescimento, reprodução e sobrevivência dos organismos em ambientes poluídos, constituindo uma ferramenta importante para um adequado monitoramento ambiental. Entretanto, um pequeno número de bioensaios desta natureza tem sido desenvolvido no Brasil. O curimbatá (Prochilodus linetaus) é um peixe da ordem Characidae de grande interesse comercial e muito abundante na América do Sul. A espécie foi utilizada para testar diferentes concentrações de dimetoato 40%, um pesticida organofosforado inibidor da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE) utilizado em grande escala no Brasil. A CL50 (48h) para ovos é superior a 16,0 µg.L -1; entretanto para larvas recém-eclodidas foi significativamente mais baixa (11,81 µg.L -1 , variando de 10.23 a 13,65) de acordo com o teste-t para amostras independentes (p = 0.03). A CL50 para larvas com 3 dias de vida foi de 10,44 µg.L -1 (8,03-13,57), apresentando-se similar ao resultado encontrado para larvas recém-eclodidas (p = 0.76). A mobilidade das larvas foi reduzida na presença deste pesticida. toxicidade, peixes, bioensaios, larva. 634 CAMPAGNA, A. F. et al. Palavras

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“…effects of OP on vertebrates are mainly manifested by phosphorilation of AchE (COPPAGE 1972), decrease of the levels of norepinephrine (BRzEzrNsKI & WySO-CKA-PARUSZEWSKA 1988), skeleton deformation and reduction ofthe gonad somatic index (KUMAR & ANSARI 1984), defects on embryo development and egg hatching (ANSARI & KUMAR 1988) and pathological changes in the ovary (ANSARI et af. 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Liver histopathology of the fish brachydanio rerio hamilton-buchman after acute exposure to sublethal levels of the organophosphate dimethoate 500

Rodrigues¹,

Fanta²

1998

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Among the new substances that were synthesised by the chem ical industlY during the last decades, with the aim to improve human prosperity, some cause negative effects on non target organisms like fish. Among the pesticides, the organophosphates (OP) are w idely used in cattle management, agriculture and aquaculture activi ties. Brachydania reria Hamilton-Buchman, 1822 is used world-wide in fishtests for the establishment of the lethal levels of pesticides. Nevertheless, these fi sh show mo rphological changes in their hepatocytes when exposed experimentally for 24 hours to the sublethal dose of 0.025 fli /l of the OP Dimethoate 500, in ac ute tests.Eight hours after exposure, a high density ofeells with cytoplasmic granulation is seen as well as focal necrosis. The main changes that occurred in the first 24 hours of exposure we re the loss of the typical polygonal ce ll shape and of detec tab le cell limits, lateral migration of nuclei, nuclear size and shape, condensati on of chromatin and pycnosis, increased cytoplasm ic granulation followed by vacuo li sati on. After 48 hours in clean water, 72 hours ti'om contaminati on, besides significant morpho logica l changes and necrosis, focal regeneration of the hepatocytes, canaliculi , ducts and sinusoids were seen. Even having been exposed to the half of the dose considered as safe according to the general pesticide allowance rules, significant changes of the liver ti ssue were obselved.

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Malathion toxicity: Skeletal deformities in zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio, cyprinidae)

Cited by 31 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Nanosilver Exposure on Cholinesterase Activities, CD41, and CDF/LIF-Like Expression in ZebraFish (Danio rerio) Larvae

Effects of Nanosilver Exposure on Cholinesterase Activities, CD41, and CDF/LIF-Like Expression in ZebraFish (Danio rerio) Larvae

Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae

Liver histopathology of the fish brachydanio rerio hamilton-buchman after acute exposure to sublethal levels of the organophosphate dimethoate 500

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