MALDI-MS and NanoSIMS imaging techniques to study cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbioses

Kopp, Christophe; Wisztorski, Maxence; Revel, Johana S.; Mehiri, Mohamed; Dani, Vincent; Capron, Laure; Carette, Diane; Fournier, Isabelle; Massi, Lionel; Mouajjah, D.; Pagnotta, Sophie; Priouzeau, Fabrice; Salzet, Michel; Meibom, Anders; Sabourault, Cécile

doi:10.1016/j.zool.2014.06.006

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The first difficulty is to obtain a good separation of the host and the symbionts to accurately estimate the percentage of nutrients assimilated by each partner. For specific compounds, the relative metabolic contribution of different symbiotic partners can be assessed nowadays with single-cell resolution, by combining isotopic enrichments with nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI; Kopp et al, 2015;Pernice et al, 2012). Symbionts are generally representing a smaller fraction of the total biomass of the symbiotic association compared to that of the host.…”

Section: Isotopi C L Ab Eling E Xperimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are, therefore, more enriched in the labeled compound that the host (in terms of % total enrichment) since the assimilated compound is "diluted" in a smaller amount of biomass. For instance, it has been used to localize metabolites within the tissues (epidermis, gastrodermis) of symbiotic and asymbiotic sea anemones (Kopp et al, 2015). The same problem applies to the calculation of fluxes, which has to take into account the volume in which the labeled compounds is transferred.…”

Section: Isotopi C L Ab Eling E Xperimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stable isotopes as tracers of trophic interactions in marine mutualistic symbioses

Ferrier‐Pagés

Leal

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Mutualistic nutritional symbioses are widespread in marine ecosystems. They involve the association of a host organism (algae, protists, or marine invertebrates) with symbiotic microorganisms, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, or dinoflagellates. Nutritional interactions between the partners are difficult to identify in symbioses because they only occur in intact associations. Stable isotope analysis (SIA) has proven to be a useful tool to highlight original nutrient sources and to trace nutrients acquired by and exchanged between the different partners of the association. However, although SIA has been extensively applied to study different marine symbiotic associations, there is no review taking into account of the different types of symbiotic associations, how they have been studied via SIA, methodological issues common among symbiotic associations, and solutions that can be transferred from one type of association with another. The present review aims to fill such gaps in the scientific literature by summarizing the current knowledge of how isotopes have been applied to key marine symbioses to unravel nutrient exchanges between partners, and by describing the difficulties in interpreting the isotopic signal. This review also focuses on the use of compound‐specific stable isotope analysis and on statistical advances to analyze stable isotope data. It also highlights the knowledge gaps that would benefit from future research.

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Section: Isotopi C L Ab Eling E Xperimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isotopi C L Ab Eling E Xperimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotopes as tracers of trophic interactions in marine mutualistic symbioses

Ferrier‐Pagés

Leal

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Interestingly, nitrogen assimilation (i.e., nitrite and ammonium) by kleptoplastidic sea slugs (e.g., Elysia viridis ) and dinoflagellate/coral symbioses was observed during incubation in either light or dark conditions; higher N assimilation occurred in specimens exposed to light (Teugels et al ., ; Kopp et al ., ; ). Furthermore, N assimilation in darkness was also inferred for the kleptoplastidic foraminifera N. stella (Grzymski et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Kleptoplastidic benthic foraminifera from aphotic habitats: insights into assimilation of inorganic C, N and S studied with sub‐cellular resolution

Jauffrais

Lekieffre

Schweizer

et al. 2018

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary The assimilation of inorganic compounds in foraminiferal metabolism compared to predation or organic matter assimilation is unknown. Here, we investigate possible inorganic‐compound assimilation in Nonionellina labradorica, a common kleptoplastidic benthic foraminifer from Arctic and North Atlantic sublittoral regions. The objectives were to identify the source of the foraminiferal kleptoplasts, assess their photosynthetic functionality in light and darkness and investigate inorganic nitrogen and sulfate assimilation. We used DNA barcoding of a ~ 830 bp fragment from the SSU rDNA to identify the kleptoplasts and correlated transmission electron microscopy and nanometre‐scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (TEM‐NanoSIMS) isotopic imaging to study 13C‐bicarbonate, 15N‐ammonium and 34S‐sulfate uptake. In addition, respiration rate measurements were determined to assess the response of N. labradorica to light. The DNA sequences established that over 80% of the kleptoplasts belonged to Thalassiosira (with 96%–99% identity), a cosmopolitan planktonic diatom. TEM‐NanoSIMS imaging revealed degraded cytoplasm and an absence of 13C assimilation in foraminifera exposed to light. Oxygen measurements showed higher respiration rates under light than dark conditions, and no O2 production was detected. These results indicate that the photosynthetic pathways in N. labradorica are not functional. Furthermore, N. labradorica assimilated both 15N‐ammonium and 34S‐sulfate into its cytoplasm, which suggests that foraminifera might have several ammonium or sulfate assimilation pathways, involving either the kleptoplasts or bona fide foraminiferal pathway(s) not yet identified.

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“…A recent encouraging paper highlights the use of IMS to determine the spatial resolution of chemical mass signatures that exist at the interface between a dinoflagellate and a cnidarian species. 51 The focus here is not on animal-bacterial interactions, but their approach strongly implies that at least three distinct mass signatures exist where the sea anemone and the dinoflagellates are connected. Their presence is upregulated in comparison to a strain of dinoflagellates that displays no symbiotic inclination, suggesting that the molecules are the results of the interaction between the interKingdom species.…”

Section: Symbiosis In Naturementioning

confidence: 99%

Calling All Hosts: Bacterial Communication In Situ

Cleary

Condren

Zink

et al. 2017

Chem

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Bacteria are cosmopolitan organisms that in recent years have demonstrated many roles in maintaining host equilibrium. In this review, we discuss three roles bacteria can occupy in a host: pathogenic, symbiotic, and transient, with a specific focus on how bacterial small molecules contribute to homeostasis or dysbiosis. First, we will dissect how small molecules produced by pathogenic bacteria can be used as a source for communication during colonization and as protection against host immune responses. The ability to achieve a higher level of organization through small molecule communication gives pathogenic bacteria an opportunity for increased virulence and fitness. Conversely, in symbiotic relationships with hosts, small molecules are used in the initial acquisition, colonization, and maintenance of this beneficial population. Chemical signals can come from both the host and symbiont, and it is often observed that these interKingdom symbioses result in coevolution of both species involved. Furthermore, the transition from transient to commensal or opportunistic likely relies on molecular mechanisms. The small molecules utilized and produced by transient bacteria are desirable for both the immune and nutritional benefits they provide to the host. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of modern analytical techniques that are available to researchers in order to study small molecules in situ is an important aspect of this review. It is our opinion that small molecules produced by bacteria are central to many biological processes and a larger focus on uncovering the function and identity of these small molecules is required to gain a deeper understanding of host-microbe associations.

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MALDI-MS and NanoSIMS imaging techniques to study cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbioses

Cited by 30 publications

References 54 publications

Stable isotopes as tracers of trophic interactions in marine mutualistic symbioses

Stable isotopes as tracers of trophic interactions in marine mutualistic symbioses

Kleptoplastidic benthic foraminifera from aphotic habitats: insights into assimilation of inorganic C, N and S studied with sub‐cellular resolution

Calling All Hosts: Bacterial Communication In Situ

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