Mali and the Sahel: Making Peace in Another Rough Neighbourhood

Strydom, Hennie

doi:10.1007/s40802-019-00134-6

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As the military could not address the challenges posed by the uprising, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, determined that the situation in Mali constituted a threat to international peace and security. 377 The UN declaration set in motion a series of foreign, regional and international efforts to address the security, governance, transitional justice, development, and humanitarian crisis in the country. The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) was created in this regard.…”

Section: Rationale For the Study And Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mission of MINUSMA was to: Support the establishment of a state of authority throughout Mali, implementation of a transitional road map on the basis of a national political dialogue and an electoral process, the protection of civilians and UN personnel, the protection and promotion of human rights, support for humanitarian assistance and the protection of cultural and historical sites in Mali. 378 The mandate given to the UN mission in Mali was therefore multidimensional, with an enforcement capability. This would allow the mission to defend itself in the event of an attack.…”

Section: Rationale For the Study And Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the advancing Sahara Desert, the complex web of weak state infrastructure, deliberate neglect, insecurity, economic challenges, and environmental privations has made the northern part of Mali a haven for smugglers, kidnappers, and traffickers of illicit goods. 407 For the United Nations, the inability of the Malian government to address these challenges is both a root cause and a symptom of recurrent crises in the country. 408 For many Malians, the failure to address the obvious challenges the country is facing is not necessarily the lack of a political will but incapacity by the state to perform its vital obligations to the Malian people.…”

Section: Conceptualising the Mali Conflict: Re-assessing The Ungovern...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of these failures, Mali is weakened and incapable of responding to development, security, and humanitarian crises. 409 A critical reflection on the inability of the state to provide vital functions to the population may theoretically be seen from an eclectic and class concept point of view. The propagation of these concepts within the Malian polity has widened the gap between the various classes in the country, and has equally increased wealth and the equality gap between the people.…”

Section: Conceptualising the Mali Conflict: Re-assessing The Ungovern...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transborder Insecurity in the Sahel: Assessing Non-state Actors in Enabling Terrorism in Mali

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Diarra

2023

SCIM

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The study, on which this article is based, sought to examine the role of non-state actors in enabling terrorism and insecurity in Mali. The researchers analysed the insecurity situation in Mali within the broader challenge of insecurity and religious conflict in West Africa. The researchers contend that transhumanism as a migratory pattern, and the porosity of international boundaries along the Sahel region are enabling variables for the insecurity and instability in the country. Although the way transhumanism is practised today might have changed, the methodological approach by which it is carried out has not. However, many argue that the root causes of terrorist acts and violent conflict in postindependence Africa are not the unmet promises to address poverty and unemployment but rather people's experiences of inequality and relative deprivation. This article attempts to clarify some of the critical theoretical issues for which political elites need to look out as they put measures in place to address fundamental challenges the country is facing. The concept of ungoverned spaces is elaborated upon, and the researchers assert that the vast uninhabited spaces in Mali are breeding areas for terrorists with their nefarious activities. The article concludes by suggesting that the Malian government should renegotiate a social compact with the people of Mali and start re-engineering rapprochement between the Malian people and the government.

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Section: Rationale For the Study And Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rationale For the Study And Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptualising the Mali Conflict: Re-assessing The Ungovern...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptualising the Mali Conflict: Re-assessing The Ungovern...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Transborder Insecurity in the Sahel: Assessing Non-state Actors in Enabling Terrorism in Mali

Check,

Diarra

2023

SCIM

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“…Nevertheless, other sites also need to be developed as reserves for this and other threatened Sahelian species. Thiollay (2006) called for a large reserve in northern Mali, presumably in Adrar des Ifoghas, to complement RNNAT and RFOROA, but in recent years insurgencies, terrorism, and organised crime have destabilised the country to the point where – unless there is deep-seated popular support (see Canney 2019) – the creation of new protected areas and indeed the practice of nature conservation itself appear unfeasible (Strydom 2019). In Niger the Gadafaoua and Taguedoufat regions hold (or until recently held) gazelles, hares, and Nubian Bustards in small numbers (Wacher 2010), and ideally require evaluation for long-term protection (part of this area is now covered by the re-arranged boundaries of RNNTT: J. E. Newby in litt.…”

Section: Conclusion: Protected Areas and Ecological Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The conservation status of the Nubian Bustard Nubotis nuba: a review and prognosis

Collar,

Wacher

2023

Bird Conservation International

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Summary Records of the Nubian Bustard Nubotis nuba range across the drier northern component of the Sahel zone in Africa from Mauritania through Mali, Niger, and Chad to Sudan. Reports of significant hunting pressure have caused it to be treated as IUCN “Near Threatened” for almost 40 years, but information relating to distribution and population trends remains scattered, anecdotal, and unevaluated. All accessible evidence bearing on its conservation is therefore assembled and reviewed here. The lack of records from Mauritania since 1984, Mali since 1974, and Sudan since 1988 suggests that populations there may now be very small and perhaps entirely extinguished. Records from Niger and Chad remain many, thanks largely to the assiduous reporting of observations on the West African Bird DataBase (WABDaB) by researchers involved in ungulate conservation. The national nature reserves of Aïr and Ténéré (RNNAT) and Termit and Tin-Toumma (RNNTT) in Niger and the Ouadi Rimé–Ouadi Achim Faunal Reserve (RFOROA) in Chad emerge as vital to the long-term survival of the Nubian Bustard, given the accumulating evidence in both countries of (1) widespread habitat degradation and conversion, as human populations and their livestock expand in numbers and range in the Sahel, and (2) intensifying persecution, as highly mobile and well-armed local poachers plus Gulf state hunters gain increasing vehicular access to the remotest regions, depleting all huntable wildlife (a Sahel-wide bird study, 2011–2019, encountered just 16 bustards of four species – none Nubian – in 487 observation days). Populations of Nubian Bustard must now be greatly fragmented and depleted, with many entirely lost, so targeted programmes to minimise disturbance, persecution, and damage to habitat in the three key reserves (including the exclusion of powerlines) are urgently needed. Ultimately however the survival of this and other endemic Sahelian species can only be secured via a huge programme of ecologically and economically sustainable management practices.

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Bibliography

2020

Leiden Journal of International Law

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Mali and the Sahel: Making Peace in Another Rough Neighbourhood

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Transborder Insecurity in the Sahel: Assessing Non-state Actors in Enabling Terrorism in Mali

Transborder Insecurity in the Sahel: Assessing Non-state Actors in Enabling Terrorism in Mali

The conservation status of the Nubian Bustard Nubotis nuba: a review and prognosis

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