Malignant catarrhal fever-like lesions associated with ovine herpesvirus-2 infection in three goats

Jacobsen, Björn; Thies, Kerstin; Altrock, Alexandra von; Förster, Christine; König, Matthias; Baumgärtner, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.037

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…56 An MCF-like disease has been seen in domestic goats based on the presence of generalized arteritis and detectable OvHV-2. 34,48,145 In most goats, infection with OvHV-2 is asymptomatic. It is not clear whether the MCF-like syndrome in goats reflects unusually high challenge with OvHV-2 or is a peculiar response to infection, or if OvHV-2 DNA is unrelated to the presence of lesions.…”

Section: Mcf In Domestic Goats (Capra Aegagrus Hircus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

O’Toole

2014

Vet Pathol

129

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The enigmatic pathogenesis of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) involves dysregulated immune responses in susceptible ruminant species. Economically important outbreaks of MCF are due to 2 of the 10 viruses currently comprising the malignant catarrhal fever virus group: ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1). Attempts to develop effective vaccines for this group of viruses in the 1970s were sufficiently discouraging that they were temporarily abandoned. This review focuses on recent efforts to understand the pathogenesis of MCF, particularly the sheep-associated form of the disease, with the goal of developing rational control methods, including vaccination. The past 2 decades have seen several advances, including recognition of new members of the MCF virus group, better diagnostic assays, induction of disease by a natural route (aerosol), and clearer understanding of OvHV-2's shedding patterns by domestic sheep. A consistent theme in experimental studies of OvHV-2 in susceptible species is that there are 2 peaks of OvHV-2 gene expression: a preclinical peak involving the respiratory tract and a second in multiple organ systems leading to clinical disease. Latent and lytic gene expression may coexist in tissues during clinical stages in symptomatic animals.Keywords bison, cattle, malignant catarrhal fever, ovine herpesvirus 2, sheep, virus, alcelaphine herpesvirus 1, vasculitisIn 1997, we were approached by a bison producer who lost multiple adult animals to malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). 132As is often the case, the producer's questions were pragmatic and dealt with the likely source of infection, how the outbreak might be stopped, and whether effective treatment or vaccination was possible. At that time, our group had worked on MCF for several years, relying in part on case material from natural outbreaks of MCF in domestic cattle. 92,93 Diagnosticians and researchers were the beneficiaries of new diagnostic assays to confirm infection in live animals. 4,70 Unfortunately, the news for the producer was bad. The source of infection was probably domestic sheep, but the distance over which transmission was likely to occur was unknown. The producer reported that no sheep were in the immediate vicinity of her herd. Little was known about how sheep shed the virus or the duration of shedding. Since MCF was of modest interest to the cattle industry, funding for basic studies was constrained. No effective treatment existed. In the wake of that owner's outbreak, it quickly became clear that MCF was of appreciable importance to the commercial bison industry in the United States and Canada. 7,94 The long history and intriguing nature of MCF (Table 1) were small solace to the Colorado producer in the absence of practical solutions from MCF researchers. A total of 27 bison died as a result of the outbreak. Three bison remaining in the herd were butchered. Efforts to raise bison on the property were temporarily abandoned.This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of sheep-...

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Section: Mcf In Domestic Goats (Capra Aegagrus Hircus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

O’Toole

2014

Vet Pathol

129

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“…Virtually all reservoir hosts are infected with their own distinct MCFV; however, a dual infection can occur under certain conditions [6]. The infection in reservoir hosts is usually subclinical, although MCF-like disease has been rarely reported in sheep and goats [28,37]. …”

Section: Infection Disease and Clinical Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant Catarrhal Fever: Understanding Molecular Diagnostics in Context of Epidemiology

Cunha

Taus

2011

IJMS

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Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a frequently fatal disease, primarily of ruminants, caused by a group of gammaherpesviruses. Due to complexities of pathogenesis and epidemiology in various species, which are either clinically-susceptible or reservoir hosts, veterinary clinicians face significant challenges in laboratory diagnostics. The recent development of specific assays for viral DNA and antibodies has expanded and improved the inventory of laboratory tests and opened new opportunities for use of MCF diagnostics. Issues related to understanding and implementing appropriate assays for specific diagnostic needs must be addressed in order to take advantage of molecular diagnostics in the laboratory.

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“…Although characteristic histopathology ϐindings are recognized by the World Organization for Animal Health as being diagnostic for FCM, sequencing of PCR products of the agent is ideal for phylogenetic and epidemiological studies (Russell et al 2009). Several studies have described the phylogenetic relationship based on OVH-2 (Kleiboeker et al 2002, Li et al 2003, Jacobsen et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular confirmation of ovine herpesvirus 2-induced malignant catarrhal fever lesions in cattle from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

et al. 2012

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Malignant catarrhal fever-like lesions associated with ovine herpesvirus-2 infection in three goats

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

Malignant Catarrhal Fever: Understanding Molecular Diagnostics in Context of Epidemiology

Molecular confirmation of ovine herpesvirus 2-induced malignant catarrhal fever lesions in cattle from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

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