2023
DOI: 10.12890/2023_003712
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Malignant Syphilis: A Rare Case of Early Secondary Syphilis in an Immunocompetent Patient

Abstract: Early malignant syphilis is an uncommon form of secondary syphilis and characterized by pleomorphic multiple round-to-oval papules, some with necrosis, and associated with systemic signs and symptoms. Usually seen in immunosuppressed patients, mainly those infected with HIV, it can also be observed in immunocompetent patients. We report a case in a young healthy woman with the characteristic features of the disease and with favourable skin lesion evolution after appropriate treatment with penicillin.

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Cited by 3 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Perivascular infiltrate in dermis of lymphocytes, plasma cells, some neutrophils; RBC extravasation. Fibrinoid material causing partial to complete lumen obliteration of most of the vessels/Immunostain negative Tetracycline, 10 days; JHR = No; Resolved over 2 weeks 1 28/M/ This case HIV-positive/ CD4 411/ VL 35,200/ RPR 1:512 Nodular and ulcerated lesions with rupioid crusts/face, trunk, arms, legs/12 weeks/ S. aureus , rectal chlamydia, gonorrhea Lichenoid psoriasiform dermatitis with infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes; granuloma present/Immunostain positive IV penicillin × 1 dose; Benzathine PCN weekly × 3 weeks; doxycycline × 17 days; JHR = Yes; Resolved with hyperpigmented scarring 2 26/M/ [ 5 ] HIV-negative/ RPR positive Multiple ulcerative lesions/legs/8 weeks Dense infiltrates w/plasma cells and fibrinoid degeneration/Immunostain positive Minocycline, then amoxicillin × 4 weeks; JHR = No; Outcome not reported 3 29/F/ [ 60 ] HIV-negative/ Hypothyroidism RPR 1:128 Erythematous nodules/scalp, face, neck, axilla, trunk, back, palms and soles, and perineum/6 weeks/fever, myalgias Subcorneal pustules; dermal granulomas with macrophages, Langerhans cells, lymphocytes, plasma cell infiltrate/Immunostain not specified IV Benzathine PCN weekly × 3 doses; JHR = No; Resolved over 1 mo 4 43/F/ [ 61 ] HIV-negative/ DM II, Schizophrenia/ RPR 1:128 Nodules and plaques; some ulcerated and crusted/face, neck, trunk, legs, arms/4 weeks Epidermal acanthosis with diffuse dermal infiltrate of plasma cells/Immunostain positive IM Benzathine PCN × 1 dose; JHR = No; Outcome not reported 5 …”
Section: Table A1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Perivascular infiltrate in dermis of lymphocytes, plasma cells, some neutrophils; RBC extravasation. Fibrinoid material causing partial to complete lumen obliteration of most of the vessels/Immunostain negative Tetracycline, 10 days; JHR = No; Resolved over 2 weeks 1 28/M/ This case HIV-positive/ CD4 411/ VL 35,200/ RPR 1:512 Nodular and ulcerated lesions with rupioid crusts/face, trunk, arms, legs/12 weeks/ S. aureus , rectal chlamydia, gonorrhea Lichenoid psoriasiform dermatitis with infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes; granuloma present/Immunostain positive IV penicillin × 1 dose; Benzathine PCN weekly × 3 weeks; doxycycline × 17 days; JHR = Yes; Resolved with hyperpigmented scarring 2 26/M/ [ 5 ] HIV-negative/ RPR positive Multiple ulcerative lesions/legs/8 weeks Dense infiltrates w/plasma cells and fibrinoid degeneration/Immunostain positive Minocycline, then amoxicillin × 4 weeks; JHR = No; Outcome not reported 3 29/F/ [ 60 ] HIV-negative/ Hypothyroidism RPR 1:128 Erythematous nodules/scalp, face, neck, axilla, trunk, back, palms and soles, and perineum/6 weeks/fever, myalgias Subcorneal pustules; dermal granulomas with macrophages, Langerhans cells, lymphocytes, plasma cell infiltrate/Immunostain not specified IV Benzathine PCN weekly × 3 doses; JHR = No; Resolved over 1 mo 4 43/F/ [ 61 ] HIV-negative/ DM II, Schizophrenia/ RPR 1:128 Nodules and plaques; some ulcerated and crusted/face, neck, trunk, legs, arms/4 weeks Epidermal acanthosis with diffuse dermal infiltrate of plasma cells/Immunostain positive IM Benzathine PCN × 1 dose; JHR = No; Outcome not reported 5 …”
Section: Table A1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…La SM es una forma infrecuente de sífilis secundaria, cuya incidencia exacta es desconocida (8). El diagnóstico de SM ha venido en aumento debido a la mayor cantidad de pacientes con VIH (9). Se puede presentar en pacientes con VIH, alcohólicos y con malnutrición (9).…”
Section: Epidemiologíaunclassified
“…El diagnóstico de SM ha venido en aumento debido a la mayor cantidad de pacientes con VIH (9). Se puede presentar en pacientes con VIH, alcohólicos y con malnutrición (9). En una revisión sistemática se pudo observar que, de 45 casos que se estudiaron, 74% tenían diagnóstico de VIH, y la mitad de esos pacientes tenían comorbilidades como diabetes mellitus, alcoholismo, psoriasis y hepatitis (10).…”
Section: Epidemiologíaunclassified
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