Malnutrition prevailing trend study among under five children of urban slum area of Gwalior city Madhya Pradesh

Abstract

Background: Under five children constitute the most vulnerable segment and their nutritional status and mortality rate is a sensitive indicator of the community’s health and nutrition. Health indices of slum children are worst among all urban groups and are even poorer than rural average.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 in urban slum area of Gwalior city. Data were collected from 550 mothers of children aged 6-60 months using pre-tested semi structured questionnaires and measuring weight, height and mid upper arm circumference of the children.Results: 68.36% of 550 children were having under nutrition in the form of underweight (53.09%), wasting (22.18%) and stunting (59.45%). Maximum number of underweight children belongs to age group 24-60 months (64.54%) followed by <24 months age groups. Stepwise regression showed that the risk of underweight and stunting was significantly (p<0.001) higher among children of illiterate mothers and children from lowest and middle households wealth index.Conclusions: Malnutrition is widely prevalent among study population more than the state and national prevalence. With increasing age cumulative increase in prevalence of malnutrition is seen perhaps due to persistence and addition of causative factors. Maternal education and faulty feeding practice are contributory factor of this high prevalence of disease.

Early Detection of Global Developmental Delay in Infants Using Indian Screening Tools: Insights from a Tertiary Care Hospital and Implications for Raising Awareness about Neurodevelopmental Outcomes - A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Sample size (n=201) was calculated according to the study done by Disha Agarwal et al in Agra (16) by the formula SAMPLE SIZE = (Z-Score)^2 x Standard Deviation x (1-Standard Deviation)/Confidence Interval^2 ; prevalence rate of GDD for 0-11m of 6% with confidence level 95%, acceptable difference of 3%. So, the sample size calculated is 200.…”

Clinical and sociodemographic findings in a cohort of 4632 pediatric patients with language, speech and learning disorders

“…We were interested in knowing the educational level of both parents and found that it is similar; the majority reported having completed secondary education, i.e., they had concluded the third and final stage of basic education. Some authors refer that educational level of both parents affects the development of language and learning of children 35,36 ; others consider that maternal educational level is essential, and suggest that illiterate or poorly-educated mothers represent a risk factor for the development of LD and LeD 31,[37][38][39] , and that those with higher educational levels represent a protective factor 33 .…”

Rural child health in India: the persistent nature of deprivation, undernutrition and the 2030 Agenda

“…But in this globalized world of the twenty-first century, the incidence of undernutrition is experienced by a wide range of pockets across the globe (UNICEF et al, 2019 ). Several studies observed that the bio-demographic and socio-economic factors, such as BMI of mother, marriage age of mother, child birth weight, number of siblings, birth order, food intake, family income, education of parents, sanitation facility, source of drinking water, have a direct bearing in the prevalence of malnutrition of children (de Onis & Blossner, 1997 ; Cummins, 1998 ; Phillips, 2006 ; Kanjilal et al, 2010 ; Panigrahi & Das, 2014 ; Amruth et al, 2015 ; Rengma et al, 2016 ; Ansuya et al, 2018 ; De & Chattopadhyay, 2019 ; Islam & Biswas, 2020 ; Agarwal et al, 2021 ). In this present study, a total number of fifteen bio-demographic and socio-economic parameters are adopted as independent variables to find out the significant predictors of child malnutrition (Table 3 ).…”

“…It is observed from NFHS-3 and NFHS-4 reports that the scenario of child malnutrition in West Bengal is lower than the national average, but the prevalence of malnutrition is not evenly distributed across the districts of the state (IIPS, 2017 , 2021 ). Moreover, there are different studies done considering the role of bio-demographic factors in the prevalence of child malnutrition across the country (Kanjilal et al, 2010 ; Bisai et al, 2014 ; Panigrahi & Das, 2014 ; Amruth et al, 2015 ; Rengma et al, 2016 ; Ansuya et al, 2018 ; Roy et al, 2018 ; De & Chattopadhyay, 2019 ; Agarwal et al, 2021 ). In the present research work, Purulia, one of the poorest districts in terms of Gender Development Index (GDI) and HDI (Government of West Bengal, 2004 ), and Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in West Bengal (National Institute for Transforming India [NITI] Aayog, 2021a ), has been considered to study the prevalence of child malnutrition (Fig.…”