Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project, XV

Pugh, R. N. H.; Bell, D. R.; Gilles, H. M.

doi:10.1080/00034983.1980.11687393

Cited by 47 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This agrees with results of similar studies in Schistosoma haematobium endemic areas 1990;Gabr et al;2000). High prevalence rate of S. haematobium infection has been reported by some other authors in endemic areas 1980;Akokun, et al;Anosike et al;1999). The high rate of the infection reported in the present study may be suggestive of the level of S. haematobium transmission in various foci in the community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The epidemiology of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> in Odau community in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria

Pi¹,

Okafor²

2006

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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ABSTRACT:A study was conducted between August 2001 and July 2002 to investigate the current pattern of prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infection at Odau Community in the Niger Delta Area of Nigeria.. Three hundred urine specimens were examined from randomly sampled individuals aged between 0 years and 73 years. More than 50% of the participants were under the age of 20 years, and the population sampled had a male to female ratio of 37:23. Quantitative microscopic counting of Schistosoma haematobium eggs was carried out. Two hundred and fifty participants out of the three hundred examined were positive for the infection, representing an overall estimated prevalence of 83.3%. The infection rate peaked (93.0%) in the 10-14 years age category. A significant negative correlation (r =0.306, P < 0.1) was found between age and intensity of infection. The age and sex pattern of Schistosoma haematobium infection as obtained from the study area showed a typical peak prevalence in early adolescence with males having a higher prevalence rate (84.9%) than females' (80.9%) (χ 2 = P > 0.01). The high rates of prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium observed in the present study clearly indicated that Odau Community is facing a great health burden especially the children and women who had severe infections. @JASEM

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The epidemiology of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> in Odau community in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria

Pi¹,

Okafor²

2006

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…There is substantial heterogeneity in terms of infection prevalence and/or intensity among different geographic areas and individual hosts, even within relatively close locations of the same region (38)(39)(40)(41). Likewise, studies have revealed that the disease severity can vary considerably at both the geographical and individual level for both S. mansoni (42)(43)(44)(45) and S. haematobium (46)(47)(48), associated in part, but not always, in focality to accompanying high transmission and infection intensities (39,45,(49)(50)(51)(52). Epidemiological evidence suggests such variation in morbidity could also be partially explained by, among other factors, the immunological and genetic background of the endemic communities, their nutritional status and/or the length of time individuals have been exposed (45,(53)(54)(55)(56)(57).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis Morbidity Hotspots: Roles of the Human Host, the Parasite and Their Interface in the Development of Severe Morbidity

et al. 2021

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Schistosomiasis is the second most important human parasitic disease in terms of socioeconomic impact, causing great morbidity and mortality, predominantly across the African continent. For intestinal schistosomiasis, severe morbidity manifests as periportal fibrosis (PPF) in which large tracts of macro-fibrosis of the liver, visible by ultrasound, can occlude the main portal vein leading to portal hypertension (PHT), sequelae such as ascites and collateral vasculature, and ultimately fatalities. For urogenital schistosomiasis, severe morbidity manifests as pathology throughout the urinary system and genitals, and is a definitive cause of squamous cell bladder carcinoma. Preventative chemotherapy (PC) programmes, delivered through mass drug administration (MDA) of praziquantel (PZQ), have been at the forefront of schistosomiasis control programmes in sub-Saharan Africa since their commencement in Uganda in 2003. However, despite many successes, ‘biological hotspots’ (as distinct from ‘operational hotspots’) of both persistent high transmission and morbidity remain. In some areas, this failure to gain control of schistosomiasis has devastating consequences, with not only persistently high infection intensities, but both “subtle” and severe morbidity remaining prevalent. These hotspots highlight the requirement to revisit research into severe morbidity and its mechanisms, a topic that has been out of favor during times of PC implementation. Indeed, the focality and spatially-structured epidemiology of schistosomiasis, its transmission persistence and the morbidity induced, has long suggested that gene-environmental-interactions playing out at the host-parasite interface are crucial. Here we review evidence of potential unique parasite factors, host factors, and their gene-environmental interactions in terms of explaining differential morbidity profiles in the human host. We then take the situation of schistosomiasis mansoni within the Albertine region of Uganda as a case study in terms of elucidating the factors behind the severe morbidity observed and the avenues and directions for future research currently underway within a new research and clinical trial programme (FibroScHot).

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“…The accuracy of proteinuria reagent strips was assessed against urine filtration in 41 studies published in 37 articles (with 42 test comparisons) 27 , 29 , 30 , 35 , 37 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 and the accuracy of haematuria reagent strips was assessed in 74 studies published in 67 articles (with 75 test comparisons; prevalence 0·1–88·6%; appendix 2 p 3 ). 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic tests for human Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Vaillant,

Philippy,

Neven

et al. 2024

The Lancet Microbe

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Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project, XV

Cited by 47 publications

References 43 publications

The epidemiology of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> in Odau community in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria

The epidemiology of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> in Odau community in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria

Schistosomiasis Morbidity Hotspots: Roles of the Human Host, the Parasite and Their Interface in the Development of Severe Morbidity

Diagnostic tests for human Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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