Man in the Mirror: Delusion of Misidentification in Down’s Syndrome With Alzheimer’s Disease

Velayudhan, Latha; Jesu, Amala Jovia Maria

doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14020032

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…It should be noted that the paucity of cases reported in literature may be related to the underestimation of delusions in DS. Indeed, only a case of erotomanic delusions in a 42-year-old woman with DS without dementia [ 38 ] and a case of mirrored-self misidentification delusion in a 53-year-old man with DS and Alzheimer’s Disease [ 39 ] have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delusion of Pregnancy in Down Syndrome: Two Case Reports

Ursumando

Fucà²,

Costanzo³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are more vulnerable to psychotic disorder and schizophrenia than the general population. However, psychotic symptoms have not been widely described in this population. Here, we deeply investigated the cases of two young women with ID and Down syndrome (DS) who developed a delusion of pregnancy, a rare condition defined as a fixed belief of being pregnant despite factual evidence to the contrary. The assessment included psychopathological and neuropsychological examination, as well as the evaluation of cognitive and adaptive functioning. In these cases, delusion manifested as a psychotic symptom of a cyclothymic disorder (case 1) or as an independent delusional disorder (case 2). However, some similarities emerged: both women exhibited good pre-morbid adaptive functioning and family history of psychiatric disorders; moreover, in both cases delusion emerged in association with an external trigger. Difficulties in verbally expressing one’s thoughts and beliefs were found, as well as poor abstract reasoning skills that may have affected the ability to deeply conceptualize the delusional idea itself. These findings may provide crucial insights into the clinical manifestation of psychosis in individuals with DS and underscore the importance of a routine psychological and neuropsychological follow-up to provide prompt and adequate intervention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delusion of Pregnancy in Down Syndrome: Two Case Reports

Ursumando

Fucà²,

Costanzo³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Delusional Misidentification of the Mirror Image

Roane

Feinberg²,

Liberta

2019

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Psychosis in Neurodegenerative Dementias: A Systematic Comparative Review

Cressot,

Vrillon,

Lilamand

et al. 2024

JAD

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Background: Psychosis, characterized by delusions and/or hallucinations, is frequently observed during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative dementias (ND) (i.e., dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD)) and cause diagnostic and management difficulties. Objective: This review aims at presenting a concise and up-to-date overview of psychotic symptoms that occur in patients with ND with a comparative approach. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. 98 original studies investigating psychosis phenotypes in neurodegenerative dementias were identified (40 cohort studies, 57 case reports). Results: Psychosis is a frequently observed phenomenon during the course of ND, with reported prevalence ranging from 22.5% to 54.1% in AD, 55.9% to 73.9% in DLB, and 18% to 42% in FTD. Throughout all stages of these diseases, noticeable patterns emerge depending on their underlying causes. Misidentification delusions (16.6–78.3%) and visual hallucinations (50–69.6%) are frequently observed in DLB, while paranoid ideas and somatic preoccupations seem to be particularly common in AD and FTD, respectively (9.1–60.3% and 3.10–41.5%). Limited data were found regarding psychosis in the early stages of these disorders. Conclusions: Literature data suggest that different ND are associated with noticeable variations in psychotic phenotypes, reflecting disease-specific tendencies. Further studies focusing on the early stages of these disorders are necessary to enhance our understanding of early psychotic manifestations associated with ND and help in differential diagnosis issues.

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Man in the Mirror: Delusion of Misidentification in Down’s Syndrome With Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Delusion of Pregnancy in Down Syndrome: Two Case Reports

Delusion of Pregnancy in Down Syndrome: Two Case Reports

Delusional Misidentification of the Mirror Image

Psychosis in Neurodegenerative Dementias: A Systematic Comparative Review

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