Management Modalities of Primary Bladder Neck Obstruction in Young Adult Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective: This systematic review was done to critically appraise the various evidence available in the literature for the presenting symptoms, diagnosis, and management modalities for primary bladder neck obstruction diagnosed on invasive urodynamics in young adult men 18-50 years of age. Methods: A search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases until July 2022 to find English-language studies relevant to the topic. Results: A total of 10 studies were included. The estimated difference in International Prostate Symptom Score between baseline and 3 months in the subgroup of medical and surgical treatment was found to be −8.82 and −11.25, respectively ( P = .37), and after 12 months, it was found to be −7.69 and −17.70 respectively ( P < .001). The pooled estimate for the difference in Qmax between baseline and 3 months after medical and surgical treatments in the subgroup was found to be 2.92 and 7.03, respectively ( P = .18), and after 12 months, it was found to be 4.54 and 7.74, respectively ( P < .001). The pooled estimate of the difference in post-void residue before and after 3 months of medical and surgical treatments in a subgroup was found to be −31.15 and −70, respectively ( P < .001), and after 12 months, it was found to be −31.49 and −156.00, respectively ( P < .001). Quality of life scores improved in both subgroups. Conclusion: The alpha-blockers are effective in managing primary bladder neck obstruction in the short term, while bladder neck incision is preferred for better long-term outcomes.