Management Models Applied to the Human-Wolf Conflict in Agro-Forestry-Pastoral Territories of Two Italian Protected Areas and One Spanish Game Area

Abstract

Our work shows that, despite the persistence of persecutory actions, conservation activity has proved successful for the return of numerous wild mammals to different habitats, including the wolf. The human-wolf conflict is still described in all countries where the wolf is present. This is evidenced by the high number of damages on livestock, and the corpses of wolves found both in protected areas and in those where hunting is permitted. The diagnosis of road accidents, together with poisoning and poaching, are major causes of mortality. Although hunting records the highest percentage of kills in Spain, the demographic stability reported by the censuses suggests that this activity does not have a consistent influence on the Iberian wolf population's survival. In Italy, where wolf hunting is prohibited, wolf populations are to be increasing. In some Italian situations, wolf attacks on horses seem to cause unwanted damage to foals, but they represent a very precious source of information about the habits of carnivores. A simple management plan would be sufficient to help the coexistence between the productive parts and the ecosystem services ensured by the presence of the wolf. The presence of hybrids is a negative factor.

Performance evaluation of a prototype for the defense against wolf attacks on livestock animals

“…As with any adaptation process, a period of time is necessary for the establishment of appropriate mechanisms [6]. Directed management strategies can play a vital role in enhancing harmony between productive aspects and the wolf, even through the valorisation of related ecosystem services [11].…”

Human-Wildlife Conflict and Road Collisions With Ungulates. A Risk Analysis and Design Solutions in Trentino, Italy

“…Finally, Open Source software has once more showed its potential in order to face long term challenges, like those posed by climate change (Baiocchi et al, 2021), biodiversity loss (Ciolli et al, 2017, Tattoni 2019) and habitat loss (Tattoni et al, 2019a(Tattoni et al, , 2019b. A better definition of the real costs of a well defined HWC problem like roadkills could also help to consider the cost of HWC in the frame of ecosystem services (Nedkov et al, 2018, Piscopo et al, 2021, thus encouraging decision makers to act. The workflow of this paper and the proposed projects may create a guideline for the future politics of the provincial government, with the short term effect to foster the use of dedicated contributions like the PSR funds Operation.…”

“…Like many other issues related to HWC, to achieve a solution, the local governments must be receptive to research results, be proactive with management plans shared with researchers and technicians (Piscopo et al, 2021) and also create information campaigns to share the information with the public when this is particularly needed to guarantee the safety of the people and the animals.…”

Occurrence of Leishmaniasis in Iberian Wolves in Northwestern Spain

“…At present, the wolf occupies practically the entire territory of Zamora ( Figure 1 ); however, there is a mountain range called “Sierra de La Culebra” that has the highest density of Iberian wolves in the Iberian Peninsula. This is where they cohabit with other species of carnivores [ 30 ]. In the last Regional Census elaborated by Sáenz de Buruaga and coworkers between 2012 and 2013, 179 wolf packs were identified in the Community of Castilla y León, of which 152 were located to the north of the Duero River and 27 to the south.…”