Management of Infectious Diseases in Africa

Seebaluck-Sandoram, Roumita; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809286-6.00005-4

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Another study revealed that the efficacy of (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC) in green tea worked against multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains from urinary tract infections. However, it is crucial to consider variations in green tea types, preparations, and compositions when interpreting these results [99,100].…”

Section: Green Tea and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Power of Antioxidant: TEA CATECHIN AND BODY OXIDATIVE STRESS

Amarwati Tartillah

2024

The Power of Antioxidants - Unleashing Nature's Defense Against Oxidative Stress [Working Title]

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Green tea is rich in catechins, particularly (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which act as potent antioxidants and can help to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases. This article revealed the importance of green tea catechins in mitigating the risk of complex diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurological diseases. It also highlighted the potential side effects of excessive green tea consumption, emphasising the need for moderation. The review covered a wide range of potential health benefits of green tea, including its effects on weight loss, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive decline. Additionally, the collection of research articles elaborated on the antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of green tea, as well as its potential role in preventing skin cancer and improving cognitive function. Overall, the evidence presented underscores the potential of green tea as a valuable dietary component in inhibiting diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, cancer, and infectious illness, while also emphasising the importance of green tea consumption in a balanced manner.

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Section: Green Tea and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Power of Antioxidant: TEA CATECHIN AND BODY OXIDATIVE STRESS

Amarwati Tartillah

2024

The Power of Antioxidants - Unleashing Nature's Defense Against Oxidative Stress [Working Title]

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“…Lannea schweinfurthii is used to manage and treat the top five ailments and diseases listed by the World Health Organization [ 55 ] as the leading causes of disease burden in tropical and subtropical Africa and these include human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases and birth-related disorders ( Table 1 ). Infectious diseases such as respiratory infections, malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhoeal diseases and HIV/AIDS are considered as a global health threat, causing the majority of mortality and morbidity with a death toll of 13.4 million per year [ 56 ]. The usage of L. schweinfurthii against bacterial, fungal and viral infections or infestations in south central and east Africa ( Table 1 , Figure 3 ) is not surprising as microbial infections or infestations are the world’s leading causes of premature deaths [ 57 ].…”

Section: Medicinal Uses Of Lannea Schweinfurthiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl.

Maroyi¹

2019

Molecules

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Lannea schweinfurthii is a valuable medicinal plant species among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa. The aim of the current study was to review existing literature on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of L. schweinfurthii in an effort to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the species. The relevant information on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of L. schweinfurthii was generated from several sources including books, book chapters, theses, scientific reports and journal articles obtained from the library and internet sources such as SciFinder, Wiley, Web of Science, American Chemical Society publications, PubMed, BMC, Elsevier, Science Direct, Scielo and Scopus. Traditionally, L. schweinfurthii is used against reproductive system disorders, respiratory disorders, injuries, headache, blood system disorders, infections or infestations and gastro-intestinal disorders. The phytochemical compounds that have been isolated from L. schweinfurthii include alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. The in vitro and animal studies carried out so far from the crude extracts and compounds isolated from the species exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, anti-apoptotic, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-giardial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, hepatoprotective, larvicidal and cytotoxicity activities. Detailed ethnopharmacological studies emphasizing clinical and toxicological evaluations are needed to assess efficacy and safety of the species as herbal medicine.

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“…Such diseases have been receiving considerable interest due to the inefficacy of currently available antibiotics, lack of supply of new antibiotics, and especially due to the emergence of resistance towards conventional antibiotics [ 4 ]. Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected part of the continent and is often referred to as the ‘Infectious continent’ [ 5 ]. Louw and colleagues have reported the significance of bulbous plants used in South Africa in traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch and Dalziel: Antimicrobial Activities, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, and Phytochemical Identification by GC-MS

et al. 2022

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During a previous study that identified plants used in traditional medicine in Togo to treat infectious diseases, Daniellia oliveri was specifically reported to treat intertrigo and candidiasis. Consequently, to explore the anti-infective potential of this plant, we investigated the antibacterial and the antifungal activity of the plant’s parts, as well as the cytotoxic activities of raw extracts and subsequent fractions, and the chemical composition of the most active fractions. In order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, MICs were determined using the broth dilution method. Then, the most active fractions were evaluated for cytotoxicity by using normal human cells (MRC-5 cells) via the MTT assay. Finally, the most active and not toxic fractions were phytochemically investigated by GC-MS. Interestingly, all the raw extracts and fractions were active against the bacteria tested, with MICs ranging from 16 µg/mL to 256 µg/mL, while no antifungal activity was observed at 256 µg/mL, the highest tested concentration. Moreover, no toxicity was observed with most of the active fractions. The subsequent chemical investigation of the most interesting fractions led to identifying terpenes, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids as the main compounds. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that D. oliveri possesses valuable antibacterial activities in accordance with traditional use.

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Management of Infectious Diseases in Africa

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

The Power of Antioxidant: TEA CATECHIN AND BODY OXIDATIVE STRESS

The Power of Antioxidant: TEA CATECHIN AND BODY OXIDATIVE STRESS

Review of Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl.

Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch and Dalziel: Antimicrobial Activities, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, and Phytochemical Identification by GC-MS

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