“…Similarly, recent Covid-19 pandemic has a similar impacts on banks and global stock markets (Abbass et al, 2022a(Abbass et al, , 2022b(Abbass et al, , 2022cAbbass et al, 2022aAbbass et al, , 2022bAbbass et al, , 2022cBanna et al, 2022). Given that investors in financial institutions or stock markets are closely associated with banks, such crises have a severe impact on the banking institutions that lead to an impact on the their financial performance (Iqbal and Saeed, 2023). As such, it is crucial for the regulatory authorities and policymakers to accurately evaluate the financial position of banks to prevent catastrophic events.…”