“…While a relational model, as implemented in DNC, is believed to be too restrictive for many spatial data applications (Egenhofer and Frank, 1989), the object oriented technology is argued to be well suited for the complex VPF/DNC data modeling (Shaw et al, 1996). In fact, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) at the Stennis Space Center and the University of Florida's GeoPlan Center developed ODNC, which is a prototype OO viewer/editor for the Digital Nautical Chart (Shaw et al, 1996). Further, built upon the ODNC prototype, an OO database (OVPF) for four different VPF products was designed (Chung et al, 1995;Shaw et al, 1996).…”