Manganese-Based Liposomes Comparative Approaches

Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

“…Other approaches have been used to image liposomes (8,9), but none have used a liposome that is a dual drug delivery and imaging vehicle. Prior MRI-based reports have focused on obtaining images in the RES (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), which tends to concentrate liposomes following intravenous administration. When metal ions are retained inside liposomes, MR signal intensity is relatively unaffected (13,15), Shortening of T 1( for example, depends on interaction between metal ions and water (16).…”

“…Prior MRI-based reports have focused on obtaining images in the RES (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), which tends to concentrate liposomes following intravenous administration. When metal ions are retained inside liposomes, MR signal intensity is relatively unaffected (13,15), Shortening of T 1( for example, depends on interaction between metal ions and water (16). Because water cannot easily cross the lipid membrane except with specialized lipid formulations designed to be relatively unstable (15,16), signal intensity changes are low (13).…”

“…When metal ions are retained inside liposomes, MR signal intensity is relatively unaffected (13,15), Shortening of T 1( for example, depends on interaction between metal ions and water (16). Because water cannot easily cross the lipid membrane except with specialized lipid formulations designed to be relatively unstable (15,16), signal intensity changes are low (13). An alternative has been to attach paramagnetic metals to the outer liposome surface (13,15).…”

“…Because water cannot easily cross the lipid membrane except with specialized lipid formulations designed to be relatively unstable (15,16), signal intensity changes are low (13). An alternative has been to attach paramagnetic metals to the outer liposome surface (13,15). These surface attached contrast agents have shown 1\ shortening essentially equivalent to that of free ions.…”

Rationale for and measurement of liposomal drug delivery with hyperthermia using non-invasive imaging techniques

“…Extensive PubMed and Web of Science searches using keywords 'liposome', 'temperature', 'hyperthermia', 'MRI/CT/PET/SPECT' and 'image/ing' have returned few research groups that have worked in this area. Most groups used non-thermosensitive liposomes to image the reticuloendothelial system (lung, liver, and spleen) [38][39][40][41]. We were the initial group to demonstrate imaging outside the reticuloendothial system using two novel tools: hyperthermia and low temperature thermosensitive liposomes.…”