2019
DOI: 10.1177/1534735419876351
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Manipulating Gut Microbiota Composition to Enhance the Therapeutic Effect of Cancer Immunotherapy

Abstract: In the past decade, a growing set of immunotherapies including immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and bispecific antibodies propelled the advancement of oncology therapeutics. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that immunotherapy could eliminate tumors better than traditional chemotherapy or radiotherapy with lower risk of adverse events in numerous cancer types. Unfortunately, a substantial proportion of patients eventually acquire resistance to immunotherapy. By analyzing the diff… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(37 citation statements)
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References 112 publications
(234 reference statements)
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“…Such tissue damages provide more possibilities for the intestinal flora to boost the systemic immune response. 62 , 83 86 For patients with tumours in proximity to the intestines, in particular with large tumours, gut purging before CAR T-cell treatment and oral antibiotics to inhibit the intestinal flora are recommended. The intestinal flora will be reconstructed after the S-CRS subsides.…”
Section: Recognition and Clinical Management Of Aesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such tissue damages provide more possibilities for the intestinal flora to boost the systemic immune response. 62 , 83 86 For patients with tumours in proximity to the intestines, in particular with large tumours, gut purging before CAR T-cell treatment and oral antibiotics to inhibit the intestinal flora are recommended. The intestinal flora will be reconstructed after the S-CRS subsides.…”
Section: Recognition and Clinical Management Of Aesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Food items with enriched microbes responsible for increasing the efficacy of treatment can be provided. More human correlation studies are required to establish the identity of important microbes and their role in treatment ( Figure 5 ) [ 205 , 206 ].…”
Section: Microbiome Impact On Immunotherapymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Escherichia and Clostridium enhance the expression of CTLA-4 in Tregs, which is beneficial to tumor immunity or CD8 + T cells, which is conducive to enhancing the blocking effect of PD-1 [142]. Furthermore, Faecalibacterium enhances the blocking effect of CTLA-4 by promoting the production of Tregs and upregulating the expression of inducible T cell costimulatory (ICOS) [143]. However, some members of the microbiota have antagonistic effects on ICIs.…”
Section: A Powerful Auxiliary Role Of Microbiota In Cancer Immunotherapymentioning
confidence: 99%