Mannose Receptor Mediates the Immune Response to Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharides in Macrophages

Abstract

The ability of mannose receptor (MR) to recognize the carbohydrate structures is well-established. Here, we reported that MR was crucial for the immune response to a Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1), as evidenced by elevation of MR in association with increase of phagocytosis and concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in normal macrophages. Elevation of MR triggered by PSG-1 also led to control lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammatory response via the increase of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and inhibition of phagocytosis and IL-1β. Anti-MR antibody partly attenuated PSG-1-mediated anti-inflammatory responses, while it could not affect TNF-α secretion, suggesting that another receptor was involved in PSG-1-triggered immunomodulatory effects. MR and toll-like receptor (TLR)4 coordinated the influences on the TLR4-mediated signaling cascade by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages subjected to PSG-1. Collectively, immune response to PSG-1 required recognition by MR in macrophages. The NF-κB pathway served as a central role for the coordination of MR and TLR4 to elicit immune response to PSG-1.

Advances in Research on Immunoregulation of Macrophages by Plant Polysaccharides

“…The mannose receptor is an important member of the C-type lectin-like receptor family. It can recognize glycosylated molecules that contain a mannose residue, a trehalose group, or an N-acetyl glucose residue (80). Many mannose receptors are expressed on the surfaces of alveolar macrophages, peritoneal macrophages, and mononuclear macrophages in blood, and they play an important role in the early immune response.…”

Improved production of polysaccharides in Ganoderma lingzhi mycelia by plasma mutagenesis and rapid screening of mutated strains through infrared spectroscopy

“…As one of most important antitumor compounds in G . lingzhi , the Ganoderma polysaccharides have many pharmacological functions, such as promoting the proliferation of macrophages [ 49 ], activating lymphocytes [ 5 ] and regulating the production of cytokines [ 50 ] in vivo. Therefore, the content of Ganoderma polysaccharides in G .…”

Innate Immune Receptors Drive Dengue Virus Immune Activation and Disease

“…The function of MR in the context of DENV-induced immune activation is still unclear. Although the cytoplasmic tail of MR contains no known signaling motif, blocking antibodies directed against MR decreased IL-10 secretion and increased IL-12 production in response to fungal or bacterial ligands, respectively [53][54][55]. Additionally, decreased MR expression correlates with decreased TNF production in response to DENV infection of vitamin-D-differentiated macrophages, suggesting that MR induces TNF in response to DENV infection.…”