Manufacturing a natural advantage: capturing place-based technology rents in the genetically modified corn seed industry

Ipsen, Annabel

doi:10.1080/23251042.2015.1123598

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Seasons must be conceptualized as socioenvironmental cycles complicated by institutions instead of as purely natural, annual cycles (Cronon 1991; Ipsen 2016). Although I stressed meteorological seasons influenced men’s abilities and desires to participate in various activities, I was careful to emphasize these changes did not determine masculinities.…”

Section: Discussion: the Seasonal Contingencies Of Doing Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Connell 2006;Desmond 2007;Sherman 2009). Similar to more general considerations of meteorological seasons (Cronon 1991;Ipsen 2016), these works emphasize political-economic institutions and processes, such as increasingly mechanized agricultural production, can complicate seasonal doings of gender (e.g., Brandth 1995). Nevertheless, these works have not developed the implications of gender being done in seasonally contingent manners nor have they addressed how nonhuman agency can complicate these temporal cycles.…”

Section: Intersectionality (Non)humans and Temporal Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Masculinities: The Seasonal Contingencies of Doing Gender

Leap

2018

Men and Masculinities

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Researchers continue to stress interactions between humans and nonhuman animals, plants, and materials inform how gender is done. A number of works also emphasize gender is done differently depending on the time of day or year. However, how nonhumans and temporality dovetail to inform gender has not been considered. The author utilizes data from twenty months of fieldwork in a rural Missouri community to illustrate how men did masculinities differently in the spring, summer, fall, and winter through interactions with a range of (non)human things, beings, and institutions. These findings suggest we can better understand how gender is done by simultaneously considering (non)human interactions and temporal seasons.

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Section: Discussion: the Seasonal Contingencies Of Doing Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intersectionality (Non)humans and Temporal Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Masculinities: The Seasonal Contingencies of Doing Gender

Leap

2018

Men and Masculinities

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“…This is similarly the case for the biotech/seed industry, though other scholars have made a somewhat different argument. They counter the narrative that it is merely sunshine and year-round growth seasons that attract such companies to Hawaiʻi by pointing to the State's permissive policies (Brower, 2016), the Islands' temporal socioecological conditions (Schrager and Suryanata, 2018), and place-based technology rents (Ipsen 2016). Yet these are not necessarily contradictions.…”

Section: Agribusiness Island Imaginarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hawaiʻi as a Laboratory Paradise: Divergent Sociotechnical Island Imaginaries

Gugganig¹

2021

Science as Culture

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Scientific discoveries or testing technical systems are often tied to places deemed central for such endeavours. Related technoscientific visions are not merely mapped onto a place like a blueprint, but co-constituted with pre-existing spatial imaginations. This is particularly so in the case of islands. Taking up Hawai'i's significance both for natural science and contemporary agricultural biotechnology, and expanding upon the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries (Jasanoff and Kim, 2015), spatial imaginations of islandsas remote, contained spaceschannel, and are channeled by technoscientific, colonial visions and theories. In this context, laboratory and paradise tropes either accommodate or 'keep out' science and technology, and find expression in two sociotechnical island imaginaries. In an ecological island imaginary, western-scientific conceptions frame Hawai'i as a laboratory of nature, and hosting paradise for natural sciences. Anti-GMO activists likewise articulate an ecological island imaginary, yet one of Hawai'i as laboratory on nature, and nonabsorbable paradise in such slogans as 'Stop Poisoning Paradise.' In an agribusiness island imaginary, policy and industry visions portray the Islands as conducive agricultural laboratory where Edenic settings point to a hosting paradise to accommodate advancements of science, technology and business. Laboratory and paradise tropes indicate shared epistemic commitments across diverse sociotechnical island imaginaries, as well as divergences, such as in efforts to decolonize science. An analysis of overlapping and contrary sociotechnical island imaginaries that attends to such key visions allows for delineating heterogeneous dynamics beyond conventional categories like biodiversity, science, or culture.

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“…GM corn seed firms are more invested in place than most industries because their competitiveness hinges upon it (Ipsen ). This spatial constraint encourages firms to develop relationships with local regulatory actors and communities as a way of shaping the local context to meet their needs and to ultimately protect their legal and social right to operate.…”

Section: Strategic Legalism: a Framework For Understanding When Firmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R&D sites are at the forefront of the debate on agricultural biotechnology, since it is here that seeds are developed and tested before they reach the global marketplace. Because firms' competitiveness hinges on being in specific types of environmental and regulatory contexts in order to extract rents from patents, firms are relatively place‐bound (Ipsen ). This competitiveness strategy makes the stakes of staying in these spaces particularly high, encouraging firms to build relationships with key actors to make the regulatory climate more in line with their needs rather than engaging in capital flight.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeat Players, the Law, and Social Change: Redefining the Boundaries of Environmental and Labor Governance Through Preemptive and Authoritarian Legality

Ipsen¹

2020

Law Soc Rev

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Powerful corporations leverage the law to shape the regulatory environments in which they operate. A key strategy for achieving this is litigation. I ask under what conditions corporations litigate, and specifically, what happens when two repeat players, transnational agribusiness firms and local governments, face each other in court. I compare outcomes of two cases-Hawaii and Arica, Chile-documenting how different sociopolitical contexts and legal systems shape how actors engage the law. Interviews with firm managers, unions, government officials, lawyers, and advocacy organization leaders and document analysis reveal that firms seize on existing institutional norms and politics to define their localized legal strategies. Through strategic legalism, a defensive legal strategy that is outcome-oriented and context-specific, firms accomplish legal compliance and political containment of their opposition. In Hawaii, firms rely on preemptive legality, a strategy that moves controversial issues like pesticide safety from one domain of democratic politics to another that is largely incontestable because it is preempted by a higher authority. In Chile, firms use authoritarian legality, an approach that draws on authoritarian structures and policies within the state, to sway legal outcomes. These cases reveal the mechanisms that corporations draw on to institutionalize their power advantages through the law, offering a typology for future scholars to better understand how the strategic behavior of corporations shapes regulatory outcomes.Corporati ons rely heavily on the law as a tool to influence regulation and policies that affect them. Studies document corporate participation in lobbying (Yackee 2015), negotiated rulemaking I would like to thank Sida Liu, Joe Conti, Jane Collins, and Alexandra Huneeus for commenting on earlier drafts of this article. A special thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and the editors for their guidance. I take sole responsibility for any errors.

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Manufacturing a natural advantage: capturing place-based technology rents in the genetically modified corn seed industry

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Seasonal Masculinities: The Seasonal Contingencies of Doing Gender

Seasonal Masculinities: The Seasonal Contingencies of Doing Gender

Hawaiʻi as a Laboratory Paradise: Divergent Sociotechnical Island Imaginaries

Repeat Players, the Law, and Social Change: Redefining the Boundaries of Environmental and Labor Governance Through Preemptive and Authoritarian Legality

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