Mapping brain volumetric abnormalities in never-treated pathological gamblers

Fuentes, Daniel; Rzezak, Patrícia; Pereira, F.; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro Fernandes; Santos, Luis; Duran, Fábio L.S.; Barreiros, Maria Angela M.; Castro, Cláudio Campi de; Busatto, Geraldo F.; Tavares, Hermano; Gorenstein, Clarice

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.04.001

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Gamblers displayed more gray-matter volume compared to healthy volunteers, according to structural MRI technology 9. Moreover, healthy volunteers had larger volumes of the right hippocampus, right thalamus, and left putamen compared to gamblers 9. Gamblers showed a lower level of activity in the brain region related to impulse control (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) compared to controls, based on event-related fMRI;11 however, there were no discrepancies in the responses of the rostral cingulate cortex or dorsolateral frontal cortex 11.…”

Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is even possible to differentiate between pathological gamblers and casual gamblers in terms of brain activation,8 amount of brain gray matter,9 size of specific brain structures,9 incidence of previous cerebral damage, and abnormal EEG responses 10…”

Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it is also possible to differentiate between pathological gamblers versus casual gamblers based on the amount of brain gray matter and the size of specific brain structures, based on research performed by Fuentes et al9 This study evaluated brain-volume differences between pathological gamblers subjects with a gambling disorder (n=30) and healthy volunteers (n=30) by means of the analysis of images obtained from a structural magnetic resonance equipment (1.5 T) 9. The only difference found was augmented gray-matter volume in gamblers compared to the controls; also, gamblers displayed diminished sizes in the thalamus (right), hippocampus (right), and putamen (left).…”

Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biopsychological review of gambling disorder

Quintero

2016

NDT

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The present review is an overview of previous experimental work on biopsychological aspects of gambling disorder. It includes the topics 1) gambling disorder from the neuroimaging and electroencephalography (EEG) perspective, 2) cognitive, executive functioning, and neuropsychological aspects of gambling disorder, and 3) rodent models of gambling disorder. Penalties and losses in gambling can differ in terms of brain activity. Also, specific patterns of brain activity, brain anatomical traits, EEG responses, and cognitive and executive performance can discriminate pathological gamblers from nonpathological gamblers. Also, pathological gamblers can display dysfunction in such brain areas as the insula, frontal lobe, and orbitofrontal cortex. Pathological gambling is a heterogeneous disorder that can vary depending on the severity of cognition, the style of gambling (strategic or not), the prospect of recovery, proneness to relapse, and proneness to treatment withdrawal. Finally, based on rodent models of gambling, the appropriateness of gambling decision is influenced by the presence of cues, the activity of dopamine receptors, and the activity of some brain areas (infralimbic, prelimbic, or rostral agranular insular cortex). Pathological gamblers differed in terms of frontoparietal brain activation compared to nonpathological gamblers (if winning or losing a game). Pathological gamblers had dysfunctional EEG activity. The severity of gambling was linked to the magnification and content of cognitive distortions. The insula was fundamental in the distortion of cognitions linked to result analysis during gambling activity.

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Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Experimental Work On Gambling Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biopsychological review of gambling disorder

Quintero

2016

NDT

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“…Using magnetic resonance imaging, most studies have focused on gray matter volume and cortical thickness as meaningful sources of structural variability. While a few studies have reported decreased OFC gray matter volume [13][14][15] and decreased cortical thickness 16 in pathological gamblers compared with healthy controls, other studies have failed to report significant group differences [17][18][19][20] . These inconsistencies might reflect the influence of factors such as age, comorbidities and head motion acting as confounds on structural brain measures 21 , as well as the heterogeneity existing among gamblers, as suggested by a recent study which found decreased OFC gray matter volume specifically in gamblers showing low risk-taking 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered orbitofrontal sulcogyral patterns in gambling disorder: a multicenter study

Wang

Boileau

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Gambling disorder is a serious psychiatric condition characterized by decision-making and reward processing impairments that are associated with dysfunctional brain activity in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). However, it remains unclear whether OFC functional abnormalities in gambling disorder are accompanied by structural abnormalities. We addressed this question by examining the organization of sulci and gyri in the OFC. This organization is in place very early and stable across life, such that OFC sulcogyral patterns (classified into Type I, II and III) can be regarded as potential pre-morbid markers of pathological conditions. We gathered structural brain data from nine existing studies, reaching a total of 165 individuals with gambling disorder and 159 healthy controls. Our results, supported by both frequentist and Bayesian statistics, show that the distribution of OFC sulcogyral patterns is skewed in individuals with gambling disorder, with an increased prevalence of Type II pattern compared with healthy controls. Examination of gambling severity did not reveal any significant relationship between OFC sulcogyral patterns and disease severity. Altogether, our results provide evidence for a skewed distribution of OFC sulcogyral patterns in gambling disorder, and suggest that pattern Type II might represent a pre-morbid structural brain marker of the disease. It will be important to investigate more closely the functional implications of these structural abnormalities in future work.

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Gambling Disorder as an Addiction

Macdonald-Gagnon

Potenza

2022

Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions

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Mapping brain volumetric abnormalities in never-treated pathological gamblers

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

A biopsychological review of gambling disorder

A biopsychological review of gambling disorder

Altered orbitofrontal sulcogyral patterns in gambling disorder: a multicenter study

Gambling Disorder as an Addiction

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