Mapping the Provincial Food Security Conditions in Indonesia Using Cluster Ensemble-Based Mixed Data Clustering-Robust Clustering with Links (CEBMDC-ROCK)

Abstract

Problems related to food are indeed an issue that continues to be discussed by the government, both imports, self-sufficiency, the issue food security. Food security conditions have become one of the biggest problems in Indonesia, even though Indonesia is an agricultural country with abundant resources. The problem is not only the availability but also the affordability. It happens due to the social inequality between the rich and the poor, which means the rich can easily relish food. People with low incomes experience food insecurities. Thus, an appropriate strategy and policies can be done for each province in Indonesia to make it equal. Cluster analysis is used to map the provincial profile based on the condition of food security. However, the variable types in this research are numerical and categorical data, which makes general cluster analysis insufficient. This study used the Cluster Ensemble Based Mixed Data Clustering-Robust Clustering Using Links (CEBMDC-ROCK) method to cluster provinces in Indonesia based on food security conditions. The analysis process starts with numerical clustering data using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and then with categorical data using Robust Clustering Using Links (ROCK). The result shows that the province in Indonesia is divided into five groups based on the quality of food security, which is from very low to excellent. Based on the clustering results, which provinces need special attention from the government regarding food security can be seen.

Pattern Recognition of Food Security in Indonesia Using Biclustering Plaid Model

“…This aligns with the findings of Dharmawan et al (2022), which suggest that inadequate access to clean water is a common characteristic among foodinsecure households. Ratnasari et al, (2023) similarly, categorized West Kalimantan, East Nusa Tenggara, Papua, and West Sulawesi as having very low-level food security, while Bengkulu and South Sumatra fell into the moderate-level food security group. These categories also exhibited characterized by a high percentage of households without access to clean water.…”

“…This aligns with the FSVA analysis, which identifies the provinces of Papua and West Papua as highly vulnerable to food insecurity (BKP, 2021). Moreover, studies by Ratnasari et al (2023) dan Trimanto et al (2022), have also categorized Papua and West Papua as regions with low food security. This bicluster has a normative food consumption to net production ratio (X1) greater than 1 indicates a food deficit.…”